Why Swiss Trains are the Best in Europe

Why Swiss Trains are the Best in Europe — Not Just Bikes

Not Just Bikes

AI-assisted summary of Why Swiss Trains are the Best in Europe — original source. Check the original for full context.

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Key ideas

  • Switzerland operates Europe's premier passenger rail network through nationwide clock-face pulse timetabling, achieving an average transfer connection time of 8.4 minutes with 77% of interchanges taking 10 minutes or less. (3:22)
  • Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) maintains a 91.9% arrival punctuality rate measured against a strict 3-minute threshold, while securing a 98.9% success rate on scheduled passenger transfers. (5:48)
  • Despite nearly half of Switzerland's population residing in settlements of under 10,000 residents, the network overcomes widespread village sprawl by providing regular 30-minute passenger intervals to tiny hamlets and rural request stops. (1:15)
  • Universal civic adoption, facilitated by the SwissPass discount system, ensures that affluent professionals regularly commute by train, preserving broad political and financial support for public transit infrastructure. (8:41)

Detailed notes

## Background Published on YouTube by Not Just Bikes on July 18, 2022, this video explores why Switzerland's passenger rail system outclasses even the acclaimed network of the Netherlands. Drawing on a week of hands-on travel across the country, the presenter investigates the operational design, scheduling precision, and passenger experience that make Swiss trains among the finest in the world.

## TL;DR Despite its rugged alpine terrain and dispersed village population, Switzerland operates an exceptionally dense, frequent rail network synchronized around pulse timetabling (Taktfahrplan), ensuring nationwide connection times average just 8.4 minutes. Swiss Federal Railways enforces a rigorous three-minute punctuality threshold and achieves a 98.9% transfer success rate, supported by real-time navigation in the SBB app and universal civic buy-in through fare programs like the SwissPass. From panoramic alpine cars to compact, pedestrian-first towns that eliminate the last-mile problem, the network renders intercity driving completely obsolete. Even rare disruptions—such as a missed connection caused by an international train—result in pleasant layovers rather than highway gridlock, setting a global benchmark for transit freedom.

## Atmosphere & style The presentation is analytical, relaxed, and deeply appreciative, delivered with the host's characteristic dry wit and measured enthusiasm. Viewers are taken on a scenic, vicarious journey through spotless train cars and breathtaking mountain vistas, contrasted against sharp, grounded critiques of North American car dependency. The pacing feels as smooth and unhurried as the rail journeys themselves, creating a palpable sense of envy and admiration for a society where transit is treated as a masterclass in civic infrastructure.

## Bulletin - [03:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=202s) Switzerland operates Europe's premier passenger rail network through nationwide clock-face pulse timetabling, achieving an average transfer connection time of 8.4 minutes with 77% of interchanges taking 10 minutes or less. - [05:48](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=348s) Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) maintains a 91.9% arrival punctuality rate measured against a strict 3-minute threshold, while securing a 98.9% success rate on scheduled passenger transfers. - [01:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=75s) Despite nearly half of Switzerland's population residing in settlements of under 10,000 residents, the network overcomes widespread village sprawl by providing regular 30-minute passenger intervals to tiny hamlets and rural request stops. - [08:41](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=521s) Universal civic adoption, facilitated by the SwissPass discount system, ensures that affluent professionals regularly commute by train, preserving broad political and financial support for public transit infrastructure.

## Key takeaways - [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=0s) Switzerland operates a passenger rail system widely regarded as the finest in Europe and rivaled globally only by Japan. - [01:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=75s) The railway network provides comprehensive coverage across rural 'village sprawl', offering dependable 30-minute frequencies to tiny hamlets and recreation stops. - [01:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=75s) While Calgary has zero intercity passenger rail for 1.3 million residents, an equivalent metropolitan area like Zürich handles nearly 3,000 trains every day. - [03:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=202s) Switzerland synchronizes its national network through pulse timetabling (Taktfahrplan), concentrating arrivals and departures at hubs to minimize interchange layovers. - [03:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=202s) An analysis of the national network shows an average interchange time of 8.4 minutes, with 77% of transfer itineraries requiring 10 minutes or less. - [03:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=202s) Precise pulse scheduling maximizes the carrying capacity of restricted alpine corridors, safely coordinating multi-directional traffic across single-track lines and mountain tunnels. - [05:48](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=348s) SBB measures on-time performance using a strict 3-minute deviation window, outperforming the more lenient standards used in the Netherlands and North America. - [05:48](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=348s) Connection reliability is prioritized above pure arrival timing, with 98.9% of scheduled passenger transfers successfully completed nationwide. - [07:11](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=431s) Rolling stock and stations feature modern amenities, quiet environments, scenic panoramic windows, and an aggressive retrofit program for step-free accessibility. - [08:41](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=521s) Broad civic use by wealthy commuters—facilitated by SwissPass and Halbtax subscriptions—secures sustained political commitment and funding for transit operations. - [10:04](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=604s) The SBB mobile application streamlines navigation by providing platform walking paths, carriage occupancy meters, boarding zone locations, and real-time disruption alerts. - [11:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=686s) Network disruptions are frequently driven by delayed cross-border trains from neighboring countries like Italy rather than domestic operations. - [11:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=686s) Even during an unexpected missed connection, small towns with frequent service and pedestrian-friendly surroundings provide a pleasant layover compared to highway traffic. - [13:23](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=803s) Swiss rail stations integrate seamlessly into dense, walkable destinations and local transit without relying on car parking or physical fare turnstiles.

## Detailed walkthrough ### [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=0s) Introduction: A Country That Does Trains Better

The presenter opens from the perspective of living in the Netherlands, a country widely recognized for its robust, dense railway system that links virtually all major municipalities. The country’s busiest transport hub, Utrecht Centraal, runs over a thousand departures each day, and international high-speed connections place destinations like Paris less than three and a half hours away. Yet despite the Netherlands’ formidable rail credentials, there is another European nation that elevates passenger rail to an entirely different standard: the Confoederatio Helvetica, affectionately known as Switzerland. Beyond the familiar clichés of jagged alpine peaks, holey cheese, fine chocolate, pocket knives, and luxury wristwatches, Switzerland stands out globally for running an astonishing volume of passenger trains.

Having visited Switzerland repeatedly over the years, the presenter always chose the train as the indisputably superior transit option. To pinpoint exactly why the network is considered the finest in Europe—rivaled globally perhaps only by Japan—he spent an entire week traversing the country, taking multiple journeys per day to examine its infrastructure, reliability, and passenger experience first-hand.

[01:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=75s) Network Density and Overcoming "Village Sprawl"

The sheer scope and coverage of the Swiss railway network immediately sets it apart. Looking at a transit map of the country reveals an unbroken web of passenger stations, extending far out into the rural periphery. Tiny hamlets and rural outposts enjoy regular, dependable rail service arriving every 30 minutes—places so small that transit agencies in many other nations would deem them unfit even for an infrequent bus route. In some of the quietest settlements, trains operate on a request-stop basis, where passengers simply press a button on the platform to board. In one notable alpine location, an active station that provides access to nothing more than a single café, a ski lift, and a hiking trailhead still receives passenger service on an exact 30-minute cadence.

This extreme accessibility stands in stark contrast to transit standards in North America. For example, the city of Calgary in Alberta, Canada—a metropolitan area home to 1.3 million residents—lacks any intercity passenger rail connectivity whatsoever. By comparison, Zürich, with roughly the same population of 1.3 million across its urban area, handles nearly 3,000 passenger trains per day. Service runs with such rapid frequency that travelers never need to check a timetable before showing up at the station. While observers often dismiss Swiss transit prowess as the natural byproduct of a small land area, surface-level statistics obscure how the country is actually inhabited. Swiss cities are relatively modest; Geneva, the second-largest urban center, has roughly 600,000 residents in its broader region, and nearly half of the entire national population resides in villages of fewer than 10,000 people. Rather than the car-dependent suburban sprawl characteristic of North America, Switzerland exhibits a pattern of widespread "village sprawl," yet coordinates its transit so effectively that its dispersed population remains exceptionally well-served.

- **Calgary vs. Zürich:** Calgary (1.3 million people) has 0 intercity passenger rail services; Zürich (1.3 million people) handles nearly 3,000 trains every day. - **Population dispersion:** Almost 50% of Swiss residents live in communities with fewer than 10,000 residents. - **Rural service standard:** Isolated request stops and recreation-only stations regularly maintain 30-minute service intervals.

[03:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=202s) Pulse Timetabling and Network Optimization

To tie this rural distribution together without stranding passengers, Switzerland relies on clock-face scheduling (*Taktfahrplan*). Vehicles arrive on memorable, recurring patterns throughout the operational day—such as at 15 and 45 minutes past every hour, or every 15 minutes at consistent minute markers—sparing passengers the burden of memorizing complex schedules. While standard clock-face scheduling is also deployed in countries like the Netherlands and Germany, Switzerland elevates the concept through full national synchronization, known as pulse timetabling or integrated timetabling.

```mermaid flowchart TD accTitle: Integrated Pulse Timetabling in Swiss Stations accDescr: Incoming feeder trains arrive simultaneously before the pulse window, allowing passengers to transfer across platforms before all departing trains leave together.

subgraph Inflow ["Inbound Pulse Window (e.g.,:15 Past Hour)"] A["Incoming Regional Line A"] --> Hub["Central Transfer Station"] B["Incoming Intercity Line B"] --> Hub C["Incoming Mountain Branch Line C"] --> Hub end

subgraph Exchange ["Cross-Platform Transfer (Average: 8.4 Minutes)"] Hub --> Trans["Coordinated Platform Walkways\n(77% of connections ≤ 10 min)"] end

subgraph Outflow ["Outbound Pulse Window (e.g.,:25 Past Hour)"] Trans --> D["Outbound Regional Line A"] Trans --> E["Outbound Intercity Line B"] Trans --> F["Outbound Mountain Branch Line C"] end ```

By concentrating arrivals and departures at designated hub stations into coordinated waves ("pulses"), inbound trains pull into a station at, for instance, 15 minutes past the hour, and onward departures leave in all directions around 25 minutes past. Passengers moving between disparate lines face wait times capped at roughly 10 minutes. An analysis published by viewer Jokteur examined the entire national rail matrix at 10:00 AM on a typical Friday outside the morning commute peak. The data revealed that the average connection time nationwide was an astonishing 8.4 minutes, with 77% of all possible interchange itineraries requiring a layover of 10 minutes or less. Consequently, a complex cross-country journey involving multiple transfers takes only marginally longer than an equivalent direct journey would.

Furthermore, this tight clock-face integration maximizes corridor capacity through inhospitable geography. Constructing rail corridors through the Alps is financially and physically daunting, forcing diverse rail services to share limited infrastructure. Precise synchronization allows high-traffic corridors to run safely and reliably across single-track segments and through single-bore mountain tunnels. Trains traveling through southern Switzerland occasionally pause for brief intervals to let oncoming traffic clear a single-track tunnel, yet the scheduling is calibrated so tightly that journeys remain punctual without cascading delays.

[05:48](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=348s) Punctuality That Actually Matters: Transfer Reliability

The entire pulse structure collapses unless trains operate on schedule, and Swiss Federal Railways (SBB/CFF/FFS) maintains an internationally renowned record of timeliness. SBB reports an official arrival punctuality rate of 91.9%, but the underlying metrics reveal that this figure is far more rigorous than foreign equivalents. While the Dutch national operator, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), marks a train as late only after a 5-minute deviation, Switzerland enforces a strict 3-minute threshold. In North America, the comparison degrades further: the Greater Toronto Area's GO Transit permits a generous 15-minute grace period across an operational footprint far smaller than Switzerland with a comparable population count, while Canada’s VIA Rail reports a 71% on-time performance without publicly defining its lateness threshold.

``` +------------------------+-------------------------------+------------------------------+ | Rail Operator / Agency | Stated On-Time Performance | Criteria for "On-Time" | +------------------------+-------------------------------+------------------------------+ | SBB (Switzerland) | 91.9% Arrival Punctuality | Within 3 minutes of schedule | | NS (Netherlands) | High (baseline European peer) | Within 5 minutes of schedule | | GO Transit (Toronto) | Regional Commuter Standard | Within 15 minutes of schedule| | VIA Rail (Canada) | 71.0% | Undisclosed metric | +------------------------+-------------------------------+------------------------------+ ```

Even more critical to daily travel than end-to-end arrival timing is connection reliability. In Switzerland, 98.9% of scheduled passenger transfers are successfully made. As the presenter emphasizes:

> “After all, arriving at home 5 minutes late one day isn’t really a big deal, but just missing your connection to a train that only leaves every 30 minutes, is much worse.”

Because the network protects transfers above all else, passengers can navigate complex multi-train routes without fearing that an initial three-minute delay will strand them on a rural platform for half an hour.

[07:11](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=431s) The On-Board Experience and Station Accessibility

Shifting from abstract timetables to the lived passenger reality, Swiss trains are thoroughly modern, quiet, well-maintained, and comfortable. Regional rolling stock passing through mountain corridors features broad panoramic windows designed to showcase the alpine landscapes, with specialized sightseeing equipment like the Glacier Express providing an even higher scenic benchmark. Ordinary intercity trains provide an appealing, relaxed environment where riders can dine, move freely, read, or use the restroom at will—a calm atmosphere that sharply outclasses the stress, confined seating, and constant vigilance of driving on a congested motorway. The presenter expresses deep admiration for this standard of travel:

> “I refuse to believe that there is any better way to travel, than on a train like this one.”

The physical infrastructure also emphasizes accessibility. A substantial portion of the fleet provides step-free level boarding, accompanied by direct interior access to wheelchair seating areas and accessible lavatories. While not every individual carriage on every older train has been retrofitted, the country is undertaking an aggressive, visible program to achieve universal network accessibility. Stations are consistently equipped with step-free elevators or smooth ramps alongside stairs. This accessibility occasionally produces unexpected moments: while filming a transfer walk, the presenter witnessed a daring passenger navigate a wheelchair directly down an escalator.

[08:41](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=521s) Classes of Travel, SwissPass, and Civic Buy-In

Base point-to-point ticket fares in Switzerland are quite expensive for casual tourists, but local residents rarely pay full freight. The overwhelming majority rely on the national SwissPass system to carry discounted fare structures, such as the ubiquitous half-fare card (*Halbtax*) or comprehensive regional and network-wide annual passes, often funded or subsidized as an employment benefit.

Testing both passenger classes, the presenter spent the opening portion of the week in standard second class, finding it exceptionally comfortable and more than adequate for any regular journey. For the final four days, he upgraded to a first-class national pass funded through his Patreon community. First class provides a marginal upgrade—featuring wider seating and quiet "business zones" that allow passengers to work productively on laptops during their commute—though it is generally unnecessary unless taking heavily congested trunk routes during peak periods.

Crucially, the presence of affluent riders across both classes underscores a vital transit principle. Invoking an adage often associated with urban transit philosophy, the presenter notes:

> “There’s a famous quote by the former mayor of Bogotá, ‘A developed country is not a place where the poor have cars. It's where the rich use public transportation.’ And that is absolutely the case in Switzerland.”

In first-class cars, white-collar professionals, executives, and well-dressed commuters routinely set up laptops to debrief business meetings. The presenter argues that having the wealthy actively use public transit ensures the system retains high-level political protection and broad civic investment, because the people who hold administrative and financial influence have an immediate personal stake in maintaining top-tier, reliable service.

[10:04](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=604s) Flawless Navigation with the SBB Mobile App

Navigating the Swiss railway network is anchored by the official SBB mobile application. The app guides users through complicated itineraries with surgical clarity. When planning a journey, the software provides:

- An exact schedule calculation detailing travel times, transfer points, and every intermediate station stop along the path. - Visual station maps illustrating the full track layout and tracing the exact physical walking route between departure platforms. - Real-time platform locations for arrival and departure, paired with an occupancy meter estimating the passenger crowd levels inside each carriage. - Precise platform boarding zones indicating where to wait on the platform for specific train classes and rolling stock sections. - Push notifications that alert passengers as their transfer station approaches and confirm the connecting platform number.

During a complex multi-leg journey with several rapid transfers—the sort of routing that would cause severe anxiety in almost any other country—the system functioned flawlessly. In one instance, a connecting train was running nearly three minutes behind schedule, prompting an automated warning within the SBB app that the transfer might fail. However, because cross-platform walking routes are minimized and trains communicate in real time, the connection was completed seamlessly with minutes to spare, even when transitioning from heavy rail to local bus connections.

[11:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=686s) The Anatomy of a Missed Connection in Switzerland

Even with tightly aligned timetables where buses wait right outside the station doors, travel in Switzerland is not completely immune to disruption. During a trip taking roughly two dozen trains across the country, a missed connection occurred—an outcome described as either unfortunate or lucky for the sake of demonstrating what happens when the Swiss system falters. The delay itself originated beyond the Swiss border, prompting the joke: “Oooh. Switzerland throwing Italy under the bus! I mean … train!” According to local insight, international services running into Switzerland account for many of the network’s delays, making this particular disruption a very typical occurrence.

The contrast between this train delay and delays experienced while driving between cities is stark. On highway trips, unexpected congestion frequently tacks on 30 minutes, an hour, or more, trapping motorists in frustrating, stressful stop-and-go traffic where nobody knows how long the delay will last. By comparison, missing a rail connection took place in a small Swiss town of only 13,000 residents. Instead of enduring road rage, the unplanned layover offered a chance to grab food, walk outside, and take in the surrounding landscape. The author reflects: “This delay was the exact polar opposite of that. In fact, it was a really enjoyable break.”

That experience highlighted the civilizing aspects of Swiss transit design compared to highway travel in North America: “It just blows my mind that even a delayed train trip in Switzerland was better than almost any intercity driving trip I’ve ever done in the US or Canada.” Beyond the pleasant wait, the infrastructure of the location stood out: a modest settlement of just 13,000 people enjoyed frequent, regular passenger rail service, including direct international connections.

```mermaid flowchart TD accTitle: Swiss Train Delay vs Driving Traffic Comparison accDescr: A comparison showing the causes and passenger experiences between a Swiss rail delay and highway driving congestion.

subgraph RailDelay["Swiss Rail Delay"] R1["International train arrives late (e.g. from Italy)"] R2["Missed connection at intermediate station"] R3["Layovers in small towns (e.g. pop. 13,000)"] R4["Predictable schedule: grab food, take a walk, enjoy views"] R1 --> R2 --> R3 --> R4 end

subgraph RoadTraffic["Intercity Driving Delay"] D1["Unexpected car traffic on highway"] D2["Stuck in stop-and-go gridlock"] D3["Unpredictable delay: 30–60+ minutes lost"] D4["Stressful, high-frustration environment"] D1 --> D2 --> D3 --> D4 end ```

- Traveled on approximately 24 individual trains throughout Switzerland. - The single missed connection was caused by a train arriving delayed from another country (Italy). - The station where the connection was missed served a small community of only 13,000 residents, yet maintained regular domestic and international rail service.

---

[13:23](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=803s) Walkable Destinations and Returning to the Netherlands

Arriving at any destination across Switzerland revealed another systemic strength: the journey never ends in an asphalt desert. Whether getting off at a city, a mountain village, or a small town, reaching the final destination required only a short walk, a quick tram ride, or a scenic gondola trip directly to where one needed to go. This seamless last mile works because Swiss human settlements are uniformly designed to be compact, mixed-use, and pedestrian-friendly.

This built environment made an unexpected psychological impact upon returning home to the Netherlands. Usually, returning to Dutch infrastructure after a trip to North America triggers a sense of relief because North American planning is so poor by comparison. Returning from Switzerland, however, marked a rare inversion: “This was the very first time that I returned to the Netherlands after a trip abroad, and didn’t think to myself, ‘finally, back to civilization.’” Back at Amsterdam Zuid, even a recently refurbished Dutch train felt somewhat rickety, noisy, and less polished than the rolling stock departed in Zürich.

Moreover, having traveled barrier-free throughout Switzerland without a single turnstile, almost missing the train home occurred because of forgetting to tap the Dutch OV-chipkaart at the platform readers. While Dutch cycling infrastructure remains superior to anything in Switzerland, the overall integration, quality, and punctuality of the Swiss national public transit network sets an unmatched benchmark: “This care-free transportation felt like true freedom, more so than any car-dependent place I’ve ever been.”

- Swiss settlements integrate mixed-use zoning with walking paths, trams, and cable cars/gondolas directly connected to rail nodes. - Unlike the Dutch transit system, which uses platform validators and fare gates for the OV-chipkaart, Swiss rail travel operates without physical fare turnstiles. - Dutch cycling infrastructure surpasses Switzerland’s, but Swiss national rail quality and transit ease deliver a superior level of regional travel freedom.

---

[15:04](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=904s) Scenic Rail and Creator Support (Nebula, CuriosityStream, Patreon)

A major experiential contrast between the flat Netherlands and Switzerland is topography. Taking full advantage of the landscape, one of the trip's highlights was riding the Glacier Express, a celebrated scenic route weaving through high-altitude vistas across the Swiss Alps. A dedicated feature video documenting what it is like to ride the Glacier Express was produced for the streaming platform Nebula.

Nebula is highlighted as an independent streaming platform built by and for educational creators, offering completely ad-free and sponsor-free viewing alongside exclusive bonus content from over 150 creators across history, technology, and media analysis. A subscription bundle with CuriosityStream is presented as the most cost-effective path to access both services, with a joint annual subscription costing $14.79—noting that this entire yearly cost amounts to roughly what a traveler would pay for a one-way ticket between Zürich and Basel without a discount card. The video wraps up with an acknowledgment of the channel's Patreon community, joking that their support directly funds first-class travel aboard "those sweet, sweet Swiss trains."

- **Glacier Express**: Featured in a dedicated companion video covering scenic alpine passenger rail. - **Nebula**: Creator-owned streaming service hosting ad-free versions of videos, exclusive content, and 150+ educational creators. - **CuriosityStream Bundle**: Grants access to thousands of documentary titles (such as a documentary on the Engadin wilderness preserve in the Swiss Alps) plus Nebula for $14.79 for the first year. - **Price Reference**: The $14.79 annual streaming price point is roughly comparable to an undiscounted one-way train fare between Zürich and Basel.

## Notable quotes > [11:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=686s) It just blows my mind that even a delayed train trip in Switzerland was better than almost any intercity driving trip I’ve ever done in the US or Canada. — Not Just Bikes

> [05:48](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc&t=348s) Arriving at home 5 minutes late one day isn’t really a big deal, but just missing your connection to a train that only leaves every 30 minutes, is much worse. — Not Just Bikes

## Mentioned Amsterdam Zuid, Calgary, CuriosityStream, Engadin, Geneva, Glacier Express, GO Transit, Jokteur, Nebula, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS), Not Just Bikes, OV-chipkaart, Patreon, Swiss Federal Railways (SBB/CFF/FFS), SwissPass, Utrecht Centraal, VIA Rail, Zürich

## Video description https://go.nebula.tv/notjustbikes to get a discounted subscription to Nebula (and support this channel, too)!

Watch this video ad-free on Nebula: https://nebula.tv/videos/notjustbikes-these-are-the-best-trains-in-europe

I live in the Netherlands, where we have some pretty great trains. But there's a country in Europe that does trains better. Much better, in fact.

Switzerland has some of the best trains in the entire world - second, perhaps, only to Japan. What makes these trains so good? And what is it like to actually ride them?

The Slowest Express Train in the World - The Glacier Express https://nebula.app/videos/notjustbikes-the-slowest-express-train-in-the-world-the-glacier-express

Patreon: https://patreon.com/notjustbikes Twitter: https://twitter.com/notjustbikes Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/notjustbikes One-time donations: https://notjustbikes.com/donate

NJB Live (my bicycle livestream channel): https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC9v57F4xz46KaDsvWfCv8yw

--- References and Additional Reading

The integrated timetable of Switzerland https://www.jokteur.com/a/integrated-timetable-switzerland/

Watching the Swiss: A network approach to rural and exurban public transport https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X16301469

Live map of the Swiss Railways Network https://maps.vasile.ch/transit-sbb/

Trafimage - Live Swiss Railway Punctuality https://maps.trafimage.ch/ch.sbb.netzkarte?baselayers=ch.sbb.netzkarte,ch.sbb.netzkarte.dark,ch.sbb.netzkarte.luftbild.group,ch.sbb.netzkarte.landeskarte,ch.sbb.netzkarte.landeskarte.grau&lang=en&layers=ch.sbb.puenktlichkeit-all&x=918827.18&y=5943148.86&z=8.88&zoom=2

How Punctual is SBB? https://company.sbb.ch/en/the-company/responsibility-society-environment/customers/punctuality.html

SBB Facts and Figures - Punctuality https://reporting.sbb.ch/punctuality

Are Swiss trains becoming less punctual, pricier and more dangerous? https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/public-transport-in-numbers_are-swiss-trains-becoming-less-punctual--pricier-and-more-dangerous--/45231238

This video contains images and video licensed from Getty Images.

[Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=muPcHs-E4qc)

中文简报

瑞士火车为何冠绝欧洲 尽管阿尔卑斯山地形险峻且乡村人口分散,瑞士仍依托定点发车时刻表(Taktfahrplan)协同运行着极其密集且高频的铁路网络,确保全国平均换乘衔接时间仅为8.4分钟。瑞士联邦铁路执行严格的3分钟准点标准,并实现了98.9%的换乘成功率;SBB应用程序的实时导航以及SwissPass等票价方案带来的全民高度认同更为此提供了有力支撑。从全景阿尔卑斯列车到彻底解决“最后一公里”问题的紧凑型步行友好城镇,该网络让城际驾车显得多余。即便发生极罕见的中断(例如因国际列车导致漏乘),换来的也是惬意的候车体验而非公路拥堵,树立了全球公共交通出行自由的标杆。 瑞士通过在全国推行钟面式定点发车时刻表,运营着欧洲顶尖的客运铁路网,换乘衔接时间平均仅需8.4分钟,且77%的换乘耗时在10分钟以内。 (3:22) 瑞士联邦铁路(SBB)在严格的3分钟准点阈值下保持了91.9%的到达准点率,同时确保旅客计划换乘成功率达到98.9%。 (5:48) 尽管瑞士近半数人口居住在规模不足万人的定居点,该网络仍通过向微型村落和乡村招呼站提供30分钟一班的常规客运发车间隔,克服了村庄普遍分散带来的挑战。 (1:15) 在SwissPass优惠体系的推动下,全民的高普及率确保了富裕的专业人士也经常乘火车通勤,从而为公共交通基础设施维系了广泛的政治与资金支持。 (8:41)

Source quotes

[11:26] Not Just Bikes: It just blows my mind that even a delayed train trip in Switzerland was better than almost any intercity driving trip I’ve ever done in the US or Canada. [5:48] Not Just Bikes: Arriving at home 5 minutes late one day isn’t really a big deal, but just missing your connection to a train that only leaves every 30 minutes, is much worse.

Original transcript

[0:00] This video is sponsored by CuriosityStream and Nebula. Which is possibly the best bundle [0:05] deal in video streaming but more about that later. [0:09] I live in the Netherlands, where we have some pretty good trains. [0:12] There’s a dense network that connects nearly all major towns and cities. [0:17] The busiest train station, Utrecht Centraal, has over a thousand train departures per day. [0:22] And there are also high-speed trains to neighbouring countries. [0:25] For example, I can get to Paris in less than 3½ hours. [0:30] But as good as we have it here in the Netherlands, there’s another country in Europe that does [0:33] trains better. Much better in fact. Welcome to the Confoederatio Helvetica, or [0:44] as I like to call it,. Switzerland [0:48] Famous for mountains, holey cheese, chocolate, bendy knives, and time bracelets. [0:51] And, of course, trains. Lots and lots of trains. Now I’ve been to Switzerland many times, [0:59] and I’ve taken the train every time I’ve come, because of course I did: it’s the [1:03] most efficient way to get around. But recently I stayed a full week in Switzerland, [1:08] and took multiple trains per day to find out what makes these the best trains in Europe. [1:15] One of the things that really sets the train system apart in Switzerland is just how extensive [1:20] it is. Look at this map. There are train stations [1:23] everywhere! There are towns, tiny towns, that have consistent, [1:30] reliable train service every 30 minutes. In many other countries, they wouldn’t even [1:35] provide bus service to a place this small. Some of the smallest towns have a request [1:40] stop service, where you need to press this button to have the train stop. But there’s [1:44] still train service! And this train station, that services only [1:49] a single café, a ski lift, [1:52] and a hiking trail, has service every 30 minutes. [1:57] Meanwhile the city of Calgary in Canada, a city of 1.3 million people, has no intercity [2:05] train service at all. Zürich also has about 1.3 million people, [2:11] but almost 3000 trains per day, with train times so frequent, you don’t [2:16] even need to look at a schedule. So if you’re taking the train here, you [2:20] won’t have to wait very long. Frequencies like this are the gold standard [2:25] of public transportation, but this is really only feasible in more populated areas. [2:29] So how do they provide such good train service to smaller towns and villages? [2:34] Well, Switzerland is a relatively small country by land area, and some people may assume that’s [2:40] why the public transit can be so good, but these Wikipedia-level statistics can be very [2:45] misleading. Because by population, Swiss cities actually [2:50] aren’t that big. After Zürich, the next largest city, Geneva, has only about 600 thousand [2:55] people in the whole region. In fact, almost 50% of the entire population of Switzerland [3:01] lives in small villages of less than 10,000 people. [3:05] In a way, Switzerland is a sprawling country but instead of car-dependent suburban sprawl [3:11] like you’d see in North America, it’s village sprawl. Yet the country still [3:16] manages to cover this highly dispersed population with exceptional public transport. [3:22] Switzerland uses what is called “clock-face scheduling.” For example, a transit vehicle [3:27] that comes every 30 minutes will always come at 15 minutes and 45 minutes after the hour. [3:32] Or 5 minutes and 35 minutes. Or maybe it’s 4 times per hour at 5, 20, 35, and 50 minute [3:38] past the hour but regardless, it’s consistent, and it goes all day, so that regular users [3:43] won't have to think too much about the schedule. This is actually pretty normal, and many countries [3:49] schedule their public transit this way, including the Netherlands and Germany. [3:53] But Switzerland takes this a step further by synchronizing their timetables across the [3:58] entire country, a method called pulse timetabling or integrated timetables. Here’s how it [4:05] works. Train departure times at a train station are [4:08] staggered, so that trains may be arriving every 30 minutes at, say, 15 minutes past [4:12] the hour, and departing in a different direction at, [4:14] say, 25 minutes past the hour. This way, most people arriving at the station will have at [4:19] most 10 minutes to wait for their connecting train. [4:23] But Switzerland integrates these timetables throughout the entire network, across the [4:27] entire country, to minimize connection durations as much as possible. [4:33] Not Just Bikes viewer Jokteur has written a great article about this that I’ll link [4:37] to in the description, but here’s the quick summary, for those of you allergic to reading. [4:41] His analysis, done at 10AM on a Friday. So, outside of rush hour, shows that across the [4:47] entire Swiss train network, the average wait time for a connection is 8.4 minutes, with [4:54] 77% of all possible connections being 10 minutes or less. [4:59] That’s … astonishing. And it means that even a trip with multiple train connections [5:04] is only marginally longer than a single direct train. [5:09] Another benefit of integrated timetabling is that the Swiss can squeeze the most capacity [5:13] possible out of their network. Switzerland is an incredibly mountainous country, [5:18] and that means that building rain lines is extremely expensive. [5:22] So there aren’t a lot of individual rail lines, and a small number of routes need to [5:25] be shared by a large number of rail services. This tight scheduling is the only way a route [5:31] like this could operate with only a single track through the mountains. [5:35] For example, while travelling through the South of Switzerland, our train occasionally [5:39] needed to wait briefly for another train to clear the tunnel, which was only a single [5:43] track, but wait times were short and we always arrived on time. [5:48] Of course in order to pull this off, the trains need to arrive when they’re supposed to [5:52] arrive, and Swiss trains are famously punctual. The official statistic is that 91.9% of all [5:59] trains arrive on time, but it’s even better than it sounds. [6:03] First of all, “on time” is defined as within 3 minutes of the scheduled arrival [6:08] time. This is a much stricter definition than you’ll find in many other countries. [6:14] Here in the Netherlands for example, the national carrier, Nederlandse Spoorwegen, considers [6:19] a train to be “on time” if it’s within 5 minutes of the scheduled arrival time. [6:24] And where I used to live in the greater Toronto area, GO Transit uses a 15 minute metric for [6:30] “on time” performance, for a region that is a tiny fraction of the size of Switzerland, [6:35] but with a similar population. And if you think that’s bad, VIA Rail in [6:40] Canada says that 71% of their trains are “on time”, but they don’t publish what metric [6:45] they use. But anyway, what’s really impressive about [6:50] the Swiss train network is the connection punctuality. 98.9% of trains in Switzerland [6:56] allow their passengers to make their connection. Which is amazing. [7:01] After all, arriving at home 5 minutes late one day isn’t really a big deal, [7:05] but just missing your connection to a train that only leaves every 30 minutes, is much [7:10] worse. [7:11] But enough statistics and graphs, what is it actually like to take the train in Switzerland? [7:18] Well first of all, the trains are really nice. Every train I took was modern, clean, and [7:23] comfortable. In the mountain regions, there are even trains [7:26] with windows like this, to enjoy the view. And you definitely want to get a good view [7:31] when the landscape looks like this. There are also tourist trains, like the Glacier [7:37] Express, that are even better. But more about that later. [7:41] But even the regular intercity trains are great. I want you to look at this scene for [7:46] a moment. How freak’n civilized is this? Can you seriously tell me you’d rather sit [7:52] in traffic on a highway, confined to your seat with a belt, and constantly needing to [7:56] pay attention, with no way to comfortably eat, or even take a piss, instead of [8:01] This!? I refuse to believe that there is any better [8:06] way to travel, than on a train like this one. I was also impressed at how many trains had [8:12] level boarding, and direct access to wheelchair areas [8:15] and accessible restrooms. It wasn’t every car on every service, but [8:21] it’s clear that Switzerland is making a concerted effort to ensure that their network [8:25] remains accessible to everyone. And every station I visited had ramps or elevators, [8:30] too. Though as I was filming my walk to my connecting [8:33] train, I wasn’t expecting to see this guy take the escalator. Damn. [8:41] Individual train trips in Switzerland can be quite expensive, but for residents it’s [8:45] quite common to have half-price or regional travel cards loaded on a SwissPass. And some [8:50] people are even provided an unlimited travel card by their employer. [8:54] For most of the week I travelled second class, and in every case this was more than good [8:58] enough. But for the last 4 days I bought a country-wide [9:02] travel pass for first class, just to see the difference. Thank you, Patreon supporters! [9:09] First class is an upgrade, but it’s not significant, and probably not worth the price [9:13] unless the route you’re taking is expected to be really busy. [9:16] However some of the trains have “business zones” like this one, that are extremely [9:21] comfortable, and I was able to get a few hours of work [9:23] done while in transit, too. There’s a famous quote by the former mayor [9:28] of Bogotá, “A developed country is not a place where the poor have cars. It's where [9:33] the rich use public transportation.” And that is absolutely the case in Switzerland. [9:40] When I was travelling in first class, I routinely saw well-dressed people, and professionals [9:44] like this who opened their laptops to debrief after a business meeting. [9:49] I believe that having wealthy people take public transportation is important, because [9:53] for better or for worse, these people are likely to have the power and political influence [9:57] to demand efficient service. For planning your journey, the SBB app is [10:04] fantastic. You choose your route, and it shows you exactly how long it’s going [10:07] to take and where you need to change, with a list of every station in between. [10:13] And it will even show you the layout of the station, and the exact path between platforms. [10:19] Changing trains doesn’t get any easier than this. [10:23] Here is an example of a typical train trip; one of the many I took during my week in Switzerland. [10:29] In any other country, I’d be worried about taking a trip with this many changes. [10:33] But when you’re likely to catch your connection in 99% of cases, it’s not a problem at all. [10:41] Here I look at my first connection. The app shows me where I need to stand on the platform [10:45] for my train, as well as an estimate of how busy each carriage is. [10:49] The app tells me exactly whereI need to get off to change trains, and which platform I’m [10:53] going to. And I get a notification when we’re getting [10:56] close. Changing trains is trivial because I know [11:01] exactly where I’m arriving, and which platform I need to get to. [11:06] This is an older train, but it’s still clean and comfortable. [11:11] My next train was running almost 3 minutes late, and the app warned me that the connection [11:14] might not be possible. But of course it was perfectly fine [11:19] and I got my next train with plenty of time to spare. [11:23] Even when the connection involved a transfer to a bus [11:26] it was waiting right outside. Because the schedules are properly aligned, [11:31] even to a connecting bus service. So, was all of my travel perfect in Switzerland? [11:37] Well, no. [11:39] I took about two dozen trains while I was there, and I was unlucky enough, or lucky [11:43] enough, for the purpose of this video, to miss one of my connections. So what was that [11:47] like? Well first, the train was late because of [11:51] a delay in another country. Oooh. Switzerland throwing Italy under the [11:55] bus! I mean … train! But from what I’ve been told, many of the [11:59] Swiss trains that are late are late because they’re coming from another country, so [12:03] this was a pretty typical experience. [12:06] So anyway, my train was late, and I missed my connection. [12:09] Now, there have been many times in my life where I’ve been driving between cities, [12:14] and I end up being a half hour late, or an hour late or more, because of unexpected car [12:18] traffic. This is just a normal part of travel, especially places with no alternatives to [12:23] driving. But being stuck in stop-and-go traffic like this sucks. It sucks a lot and I hate [12:29] it. When I missed my connection in Switzerland, [12:32] I was in a tiny town of only 13,000 people. But while I waited I was able to grab something [12:38] to eat, and I stepped outside to enjoy the view. [12:43] When you drive in traffic, you don’t really know how long it’s going to be, and it’s [12:46] stressful and frustrating. This delay was the exact polar opposite of [12:51] that. In fact, it was a really enjoyable break. I just wonder, how much better, the world [12:58] would be, if people’s travel delays were like this, [13:02] Instead of like this. It just blows my mind that even a delayed [13:08] train trip in Switzerland was better than almost any intercity driving trip I’ve ever [13:12] done in the US or Canada. And can I just point out that this town of [13:17] 13,000 people has regular train service, including international trains? [13:23] But the best part about travelling in Switzerland, was that whenever I got to my destination, [13:28] no matter where it was, it was always a short walk, [13:32] tram trip, or gondola journey directly to where I wanted [13:36] to go. Because every Swiss city, town, and village [13:40] is designed properly, to be mixed-use and walkable. [13:46] This was the very first time that I returned to the Netherlands after a trip abroad, and [13:51] didn’t think to myself, “finally, back to civilization.” [13:55] It’s easy to feel that way when coming back from a trip to North America, because everything [14:00] is just so terrible there by comparison. But returning from Switzerland was different. [14:06] Everything just seemed a bit less … polished. Despite getting on a recently renovated train [14:12] back to Amsterdam Zuid, it still seemed kinda rickety and noisy compared to the train I [14:17] left in Zürich. And I almost missed my train because I forgot [14:21] to tap my OV chipkaart before boarding. It was only at this point I realized that [14:26] I hadn’t gone through a fare gate for a train the whole time I was gone. Which was [14:31] really nice. Dutch cities, are pretty great, and that’s [14:37] an understatement, and cycling is certainly better here than anywhere in Switzerland, [14:41] and I talked about that in a previous video. But there’s something to be said about a [14:45] country that is so well set up with high-quality, punctual, and efficient public transportation, [14:52] that makes travelling so easy. This care-free transportation felt like true [14:57] freedom, more so than any car-dependent place I’ve ever been. [15:04] Of course, one thing they definitely don’t have here in the Netherlands is mountains, [15:08] so one of the highlights of my trip was taking the Glacier Express, a scenic train that takes [15:12] you through some of the most beautiful views in the Swiss Alps. [15:15] I made a whole other video about what it’s like to take the Glacier Express, and you [15:19] can watch it now on Nebula. Nebula is the Streamy award-winning service [15:24] that was created by and for educational video creators like me. [15:28] On Nebula you can watch all of my YouTube videos, completely ad and sponsor-free, [15:32] and there’s extra content, like my Glacier Express video, [15:35] as well as videos from over 150 other creators, on topics like engineering & technology, history, [15:41] media analysis, creative writing and more. I legitimately enjoy Nebula and I watch content [15:47] on there almost every day. You can sign up to Nebula directly, but it’s [15:51] actually cheaper to get it bundled for free with a subscription to CuriosityStream. [15:58] CuriosityStream is a streaming service for professionally-produced educational and documentary [16:01] films. They have thousands of titles available on a wide range of topics. [16:06] For example, I recently watched one of their documentaries about Engadin, a wilderness [16:10] preserve in the Swiss Alps, which was really interesting. [16:14] If you sign up at curiositystream.com/notjustbikes, or with the coupon code notjustbikes, you [16:19] will get both CuriosityStream and Nebula for only $14.79 for the whole first year of service, [16:25] which is about as much as a ticket from Zürich to Basel, if you don’t have a travelcard. [16:30] You can sign up using the link right here or in the description. [16:33] I’d also like to thank my supporters on Patreon, who pay me to travel first class [16:37] on those sweet, sweet Swiss trains. If you’d like your name in this list of supporters, [16:43] and get early access to my public videos, visit patreon.com/notjustbikes.