Hossenfelder Rejects Lunar UFO Study, Backs Search for Alien Relics

Sabine Hossenfelder

Flawed distance calculations render recent lunar spacecraft claims groundless, but the Moon's slow erosion warrants a systematic search for dormant extraterrestrial probes.

AI-assisted summary of Astronomers Claim To Have Seen Alien Spacecraft On the Moon — original source. Check the original for full context.

Source published: 2026-08-18

Key ideas

A non-peer-reviewed paper by Ukrainian researchers claimed to detect 20 to 40 km wide UFOs moving at 11 km/s around the Moon, but the claims suffer from critical analysis flaws including lack of triangulation and artifacts resolving to just 2x2 pixels. (0:00)
Historical records, including accounts from Apollo 11, 12, and 17 astronauts, document multiple unexplained flashes and moving silhouettes on the Moon that do not all neatly fit standard explanations like meteorite impacts. (2:01)
Physicists have argued since 2013 that the Moon offers an ideal, slow-eroding environment where ancient extraterrestrial monitoring artifacts could survive for hundreds of millions of years, though no dedicated database or search exists. (3:18)

Detailed notes

## Background Published on YouTube by Sabine Hossenfelder on August 18, 2026, this video investigates sensational headlines reporting that astronomers discovered over twenty giant alien spacecraft around the Moon. According to the description, Hossenfelder sets out to dismantle the tabloid-fueled hype while exploring an overlooked, genuinely serious scientific inquiry beneath the noise.

## TL;DR Hossenfelder thoroughly debunks a non-peer-reviewed paper by Ukrainian researchers claiming 20-to-40-kilometer alien spacecraft are stationed on the Moon, revealing that the authors committed severe data errors by attempting to calculate size and speed from single-point observations as small as 2x2 pixels. She then catalogs credible, historically documented lunar flashes and transit anomalies recorded by Apollo astronauts and amateur astronomers that lack tidy explanations. While ruling out active alien fleets, she highlights a peer-reviewed 2013 concept suggesting the Moon's geologically quiet surface makes it the prime solar system location to look for dormant extraterrestrial artifacts left behind over the past billion years. Ultimately, she advocates for creating a dedicated lunar anomaly database distinct from terrestrial UAP reports, before concluding with a sponsor segment for the privacy service Incogni.

## Atmosphere & style The presentation carries Sabine's signature blend of deadpan skepticism, sharp wit, and accessible scientific rigor. Watching the breakdown feels like a brisk, refreshing reality check, peppered with colorful exasperation as she jokes about exploded 'bullshit meters' and European potato databases. The tone moves seamlessly from amused debunking of sensational tabloids to thoughtful, open-minded scientific curiosity regarding how humanity might realistically search for ancient signs of intelligent life.

## Bulletin - [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) A non-peer-reviewed paper by Ukrainian researchers claimed to detect 20 to 40 km wide UFOs moving at 11 km/s around the Moon, but the claims suffer from critical analysis flaws including lack of triangulation and artifacts resolving to just 2x2 pixels. - [02:01](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=121s) Historical records, including accounts from Apollo 11, 12, and 17 astronauts, document multiple unexplained flashes and moving silhouettes on the Moon that do not all neatly fit standard explanations like meteorite impacts. - [03:18](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=198s) Physicists have argued since 2013 that the Moon offers an ideal, slow-eroding environment where ancient extraterrestrial monitoring artifacts could survive for hundreds of millions of years, though no dedicated database or search exists.

## Key takeaways - [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) Sensational media reports picked up a non-peer-reviewed paper claiming over 20 giant UFOs use the Moon as an active operational base. - [00:25](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=25s) The Ukrainian researchers behind the paper used a 15-centimeter telescope and claimed some objects were ring-shaped and traveling up to 11 kilometers per second. - [00:53](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=53s) Two of the paper's authors previously faced institutional criticism for a flawed analysis of fast-moving aerial objects over Ukraine due to faulty distance assumptions. - [01:22](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=82s) Because the lunar observations came from a single vantage point with objects resolving to only 2x2 pixels, distance and size cannot be triangulated, rendering the data functionally useless. - [02:01](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=121s) Declassified government files and historical mission logs show Apollo astronauts repeatedly witnessed strange flashes and particles escaping or moving across the lunar surface. - [02:44](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=164s) Amateur and professional astronomers have consistently recorded unidentified dark silhouettes crossing the lunar disc across several decades. - [03:18](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=198s) A 2013 peer-reviewed paper suggested that looking for dormant alien monitoring probes on the Moon is plausible due to exceptionally slow erosion rates from micrometeorites. - [03:52](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=232s) Tens-of-meters-wide artifacts could remain preserved on the lunar surface for hundreds of millions of years without being completely degraded. - [04:10](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=250s) Lunar anomalies are currently conflated with Earth-based atmospheric UAP observations despite requiring completely distinct physical hypotheses. - [04:28](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=268s) There is currently no formal scientific catalog or dedicated spreadsheet for tracking anomalous lunar phenomena.

## Detailed walkthrough ### [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) Debunking the Ukrainian "Giant Lunar UFOs" Paper

A group of astronomers recently sparked sensational headlines by claiming they discovered giant UFOs flying around the Moon, suggesting that aliens could arrive any minute now. Picking up on the story, the *Daily Mail* ran the headline: "Scientists issue warning after spotting more than 20 giant UFOs racing across the moon." Sabine reassures viewers right away that "it's probably nothing," though she promises a genuinely interesting related idea to consider once the nonsense is cleared out of the way. Looking at the study itself, the astronomers pointed a 15-centimeter telescope at the Moon, corrected the resulting images for camera noise, and identified several moving spots that they labeled unidentified flying objects. From these spots, they calculated that the UFOs measure between 20 and 40 kilometers across, with some shaped like giant rings, traveling at speeds of up to 11 kilometers per second. Going even further, the authors state that "UFOs demonstrate intelligent behavior" and declare, "We believe that the moon serves as a base for UFOs." However, as Sabine dryly points out, they made these observations in September of the previous year, "so the aliens are taking their time."

The paper is not peer-reviewed and was written by three researchers in Ukraine, two of whom already made headlines four years earlier when they claimed to have observed extremely fast UFOs flying over Ukraine. Following that earlier paper, their own institution published an official report explaining that the authors had made a fundamental error in their data analysis: the distance to the objects was much shorter than they had assumed, meaning the objects were actually much smaller and moving much slower. This new lunar paper suffers from the exact same flaw. Some of the "objects" the researchers observed are barely at the pixel resolution limit of their camera, with the authors themselves admitting in the text that one object measures just 2x2 pixels. Because they only have a single observation record, there is no way to triangulate or determine the distance to the spots, meaning they effectively have no data at all. Sabine doesn't hold back on her verdict: "For all I can tell, they've observed dust. This so-called paper is so complete crap. They probably just wrote this to bait the Daily Mail. 2x2 pixels. Aliens are on the moon. It's exploded my bullshit meter."

- **Telescope aperture used:** 15 centimeters - **Claimed UFO dimensions:** 20 to 40 km across (some ring-shaped) - **Claimed UFO speed:** Up to 11 km/s - **Actual image resolution of one reported object:** 2x2 pixels (recorded from a single vantage point, making distance calculation impossible)

[02:01](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=121s) Apollo Astronauts and Historical Lunar Anomalies

Despite the flaws of the recent paper, people have been reporting strange lights and unexplained objects around the Moon for a very long time. Notably, several of these accounts come directly from Apollo astronauts, as documented in files released by the US government in early August. During Apollo 12, while astronaut Alan Bean was on the lunar surface, he reported seeing particles and flashes of light sailing away into space, remarking, "It looks like some of those things are escaping the moon." Similarly, during Apollo 11, astronauts observed a region near a crater suddenly light up, and during the Apollo 17 flyover, geologist Harrison Schmitt abruptly exclaimed, "Hey, I just saw a flash on the lunar surface."

Beyond the Apollo missions, there have been thousands of recorded reports of lunar irregularities over the years. While many of these flashes and spots can be explained away as meteorite impacts or sunlight reflections off the terrain, others do not fit those explanations so neatly. Throughout the 2000s and 2020s, amateur and professional astronomers alike have captured strange silhouettes moving across the lunar surface that defied immediate identification.

[03:18](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=198s) The Case for Ancient Alien Artifacts and a Lunar Anomaly Spreadsheet

Sabine makes it clear that she doesn't believe any of those recent sightings are active alien spacecraft, but she does think there is a very real possibility that sometime over the past billion years, extraterrestrials visited our solar system to take a look at Earth. If they did, the Moon would have been the most logical vantage point, and their technology might still be sitting there today. This is not just idle speculation: in 2013, two physicists made this exact argument in a peer-reviewed paper, proposing a dedicated search for alien artifacts on the Moon. Their reasoning relies on the fact that the lunar surface changes incredibly slowly, making it an ideal environment both for conducting long-term observations of Earth and for preserving whatever equipment was doing the observing. They estimated that an object a few tens of meters across could take hundreds of millions of years to be erased by micrometeorite impacts, meaning we might realistically find deliberately installed monitoring instrumentation or a dormant probe awaiting contact.

Yet, to this day, no such systematic search has been conducted, nor is there even a dedicated database for tracking lunar anomalies. Instead, anomalous Moon observations are routinely lumped together with general Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP) sightings on Earth. Sabine argues that keeping them separate is essential, because any physical explanations for lunar phenomena would have to be completely different from atmospheric UAPs. As she puts it: "I mean, look, the European Union has a database for potato types. I feel like moon UFOs could get at least a spreadsheet." Wrapping up the science news, she adds a quick aside about another physicist who recently wrote a paper claiming that some observed UAPs are actually made of dark matter—prompting her to joke that "chances are, if we ever find actual aliens, physicists will explain they're a previously unknown type of dark matter."

[05:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=300s) Sponsor: Automating Data Broker Removals with Incogni

Transitioning to the video's sponsor, Sabine shares her personal frustration with receiving a flood of spam calls after her cell phone number was leaked, likely from online shops she had used in the past. To stop this from happening again, she signed up for Incogni. Whenever a user opens a website, trackers attempt to collect personal data about who they are, where they are located, and what other sites they have visited, and many companies profit by selling this private information to data brokers. Although most countries have privacy laws against this and allow individuals to request the removal of their data, doing so manually takes an enormous amount of time.

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## Notable quotes > [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) it's probably nothing — Sabine Hossenfelder

> [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) UFOs demonstrate intelligent behavior — Ukrainian researchers

> [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) We believe that the moon serves as a base for UFOs. — Ukrainian researchers

> [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) so the aliens are taking their time. — Sabine Hossenfelder

> [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=0s) For all I can tell, they've observed dust. This so-called paper is so complete crap. They probably just wrote this to bait the Daily Mail. 2x2 pixels. Aliens are on the moon. It's exploded my bullshit meter. — Sabine Hossenfelder

> [02:01](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=121s) It looks like some of those things are escaping the moon. — Alan Bean

> [02:01](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=121s) Hey, I just saw a flash on the lunar surface. — Harrison Schmitt

> [03:18](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=198s) I mean, look, the European Union has a database for potato types. I feel like moon UFOs could get at least a spreadsheet. — Sabine Hossenfelder

> [03:18](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g&t=198s) chances are, if we ever find actual aliens, physicists will explain they're a previously unknown type of dark matter. — Sabine Hossenfelder

## Mentioned Sabine Hossenfelder, Daily Mail, Alan Bean, Harrison Schmitt, Apollo 11, Apollo 12, Apollo 17, European Union, Incogni

## Video description Take back your personal data with Incogni! Use code Sabine at the link below and get 60% off annual plans: https://incogni.com/sabine

A group of astronomers say they've spotted more than twenty giant unidentified objects racing around the Moon, some of them forty kilometres across, and that the Moon serves as a base for them. The daily mail loved it. My bullshit meter did not survive it. But underneath all this nonsense there's a serious question that almost nobody is looking into. Let's take a look.

#science #sciencenews #moon #space #astronomy #solarsystem

👕T-shirts, mugs, posters and more: ➜ https://sabines-store.dashery.com/ 💌 Support me on Donorbox ➜ https://donorbox.org/swtg 👉 Transcript with links to references on Patreon ➜ https://www.patreon.com/Sabine 📝 Transcripts and written news on Substack ➜ https://sciencewtg.substack.com/ 📩 Free weekly science newsletter ➜ https://sabinehossenfelder.com/newsletter/ 👂 Audio only podcast ➜ https://open.spotify.com/show/0MkNfXlKnMPEUMEeKQYmYC 🔗 Join this channel to get access to perks ➜ https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1yNl2E66ZzKApQdRuTQ4tw/join 📚 Buy my book ➜ https://amzn.to/3HSAWJW

[Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WUril5ij5g)

中文简报

霍森菲尔德驳斥月球UFO研究，支持搜寻外星遗迹距离计算的缺陷使近期关于月球存在外星飞船的说法毫无根据，但月球缓慢的地质侵蚀使其值得系统性搜寻休眠外星探测器。霍森菲尔德彻底驳斥了一篇由乌克兰研究人员撰写、未经同行评审的论文，该论文声称有20至40公里宽的外星飞船停留在月球上；她指出作者犯了严重的数据错误，试图根据小至2x2像素的单点观测来计算尺寸和速度。随后，她梳理了阿波罗宇航员和业余天文学家记录的、缺乏合理解释的历史月球闪光与凌月异常现象。在排除活跃外星舰队的同时，她着重提及了一项2013年经同行评审的设想，该设想认为月球地质活动平静的表面是太阳系中寻找过去十亿年遗留休眠外星造物的最佳地点。最后，她呼吁建立一个独立于地球UAP报告的月球异常专用数据库，并在片尾附上了隐私服务Incogni的赞助信息。乌克兰研究人员发表的一篇未经同行评审的论文声称探测到在月球周围以每秒11公里速度移动的20至40公里宽的不明飞行物，但这些说法存在严重的分析缺陷，包括缺乏三角测量以及成像伪影仅有2x2像素。 (0:00) 包括阿波罗11号、12号和17号宇航员记述在内的历史记录，记载了月球上多次出现的不明闪光和移动轮廓，这些现象并不能完全用陨石撞击等标准理论来合理解释。 (2:01) 物理学家自2013年以来一直认为，月球提供了一个侵蚀缓慢的理想环境，古代外星监测造物可在其中保存数亿年，尽管目前尚无专门的数据库或搜寻行动。 (3:18)

Reading summary

Physicist Sabine Hossenfelder refutes recent claims of active, giant alien spacecraft orbiting the Moon, attributing them to severe observational errors, while arguing that searching the Moon for ancient, dormant extraterrestrial artifacts remains a scientifically viable pursuit. Flaws in Recent Giant Lunar UFO Claims (0:00) Sensational headlines followed a non-peer-reviewed paper by three Ukrainian researchers claiming to have detected UFOs measuring 20 to 40 kilometers across traveling at speeds up to 11 kilometers per second around the Moon. The authors asserted that these objects demonstrated intelligent behavior and suggested the Moon serves as an alien base. However, the observations relied on a modest 15-centimeter telescope, with at least one reported object occupying merely 2x2 pixels on the camera sensor. Because the observations were recorded from only a single vantage point without triangulation, determining the true distance—and consequently the physical size and speed—of the spots was impossible. Hossenfelder points out that two of the authors previously committed an identical analytical error in an earlier study of Ukrainian airspace, where their own institution confirmed they had severely overestimated distances to objects that were actually much closer, smaller, and slower. Without multi-point triangulation, the lunar spots cannot be verified as distant massive structures and are far more consistently explained as local camera artifacts or dust. Documented Lunar Flashes and Historical Sightings (2:01) Despite dismissing the Ukrainian paper, Hossenfelder notes that anomalous lights and objects around the Moon have a substantial observational record. Files released by the United States government document several accounts from Apollo astronauts: during Apollo 11, the crew witnessed a region near a crater suddenly light up; on Apollo 12, Alan Bean reported flashes and particles sailing away into space; and on Apollo 17, geologist Harrison Schmitt observed an unexpected flash on the lunar surface. Ground-based observers have likewise recorded unidentified silhouettes crossing the lunar disc, including a dark circular object filmed by an Italian amateur astronomer in 2007, three elongated objects recorded near Montreal in 2020, and a fast, dark silhouette captured by a German astronomer in March 2024. While many such flashes and spots stem from meteorite impacts or sunlight reflecting off terrain, not all historical sightings have been neatly resolved. The Scientific Case for Preserved Lunar Artifacts (3:18) Although Hossenfelder rejects claims of active alien spacecraft operating near the Moon today, she considers the possibility that extraterrestrial probes visited the solar system over the past billion years to be plausible. A 2013 peer-reviewed paper by two physicists proposed that the Moon would serve as the most logical vantage point for observing Earth. Because the lunar surface lacks an atmosphere and changes extremely slowly, an artifact measuring tens of meters across could survive micrometeorite bombardment for hundreds of millions of years, leaving dormant instrumentation potentially intact. Despite this possibility, no dedicated systematic search or specialized database for lunar anomalies currently exists. Instead, anomalous lunar reports are routinely conflated with Earth-bound Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP). Hossenfelder argues that lunar observations require their own dedicated tracking, as the physical explanations for phenomena on an airless celestial body differ entirely from atmospheric events on Earth. While low-resolution observations fail to substantiate claims of active spacecraft near the Moon, the durable lunar surface offers a scientifically credible environment to search for ancient technological artifacts. Progress depends on establishing dedicated, systematic tracking for lunar anomalies rather than lumping them into terrestrial UAP categories or relying on unverified single-camera anomalies.

Source quotes

[0:00] Sabine Hossenfelder: it's probably nothing [0:00] Ukrainian researchers: UFOs demonstrate intelligent behavior [0:00] Ukrainian researchers: We believe that the moon serves as a base for UFOs. [0:00] Sabine Hossenfelder: so the aliens are taking their time. [0:00] Sabine Hossenfelder: For all I can tell, they've observed dust. This so-called paper is so complete crap. They probably just wrote this to bait the Daily Mail. 2x2 pixels. Aliens are on the moon. It's exploded my bullshit meter. [2:01] Alan Bean: It looks like some of those things are escaping the moon. [2:01] Harrison Schmitt: Hey, I just saw a flash on the lunar surface. [3:18] Sabine Hossenfelder: I mean, look, the European Union has a database for potato types. I feel like moon UFOs could get at least a spreadsheet. [3:18] Sabine Hossenfelder: chances are, if we ever find actual aliens, physicists will explain they're a previously unknown type of dark matter.

Original transcript

[0:00] A group of astronomers say they've discovered giant UFOs flying around the [0:05] moon. And they're saying aliens could be here any minute now. Or as the Daily Mail put it, [0:12] scientists issue warning after spotting more than 20 giant UFOs racing across the moon. Don't worry, [0:18] it's probably nothing. But I also have an interesting something for you to think [0:22] about. Let's have a look. The astronomers pointed a 15-centimetre telescope at the moon, [0:28] corrected the images for camera noise, and found some moving spots which they [0:33] refer to as unidentified flying objects. They calculated that the UFOs are 20 to 40 km across, [0:40] some are shaped like giant rings, and they travel at up to 11 km/s. The authors think, [0:47] quote, "UFOs demonstrate intelligent behavior", and "We believe that the moon serves as a base for [0:53] UFOs". They made their observations in September last year, so the aliens are taking their time. [0:59] The paper is not peer reviewed and comes from three researchers in Ukraine. Two of them already made [1:05] headlines four years ago when they claimed they had observed extremely fast UFOs over Ukraine. [1:11] their own institution subsequently published a report saying that the authors had an [1:16] error in their data analysis. The distance to the objects was much less than they thought. So the [1:21] objects were much smaller and much slower. The new paper basically has the same problem. Some [1:27] of these "objects" that they observed are barely at pixel resolution of their camera. The authors [1:34] themselves write that one object has a size of 2x2 pixels. And with only one record, [1:40] you have no way to determine the distance. They basically have no data. For all I can tell, [1:45] they've observed dust. This so called paper is so complete crap. They probably just wrote this [1:53] to bait the Daily Mail. 2x2 pixels. Aliens are on the moon. It's exploded my [ __ ] meter. That [2:02] said, people have been reporting strange lights and objects around the moon for a very long [2:07] time. Some of those reports came from the Apollo astronauts as you can read in the documents that [2:13] the US government just put out in early August. For example, during Apollo 12, astronaut Alan Bean [2:20] was on the moon and said he could see particles of light, flashes of light sailing away into space. [2:27] He said, "It looks like some of those things are escaping the moon." During Apollo 11, [2:32] the astronaut saw some region near a crater light up. During the Apollo 17 flyover, [2:38] geologist Harrison Schmitt suddenly said, "Hey, I just saw a flash on the lunar surface." There [2:45] have been thousands of reports of reported moon irregularities. Some of those might be meteorite [2:52] impacts or sunlight reflections, but some of them can't be explained that way. For example, in 2007, [2:59] an Italian amateur astronomer filmed a dark circular object apparently crossing the surface of [3:05] the moon. 2020, someone else near Montreal filmed three elongated objects. In March 2024, a German [3:12] astronomer filmed a fast dark object crossing the lunar disc that he could not identify. Yeah. No, [3:19] I don't think any of these were alien spacecraft, but I do think it's very possible that sometime in [3:24] the past billion years or so, extra terrestrials came by our solar system and had a look at our [3:30] planet. And they'd most likely have done that from the moon. Maybe their technology is indeed still [3:36] there. And this isn't just something I made up. In 2013, two physicists argued in a peer-reviewed [3:43] paper that we should search for alien artifacts on the moon. Their reasoning was that the lunar [3:49] surface changes incredibly slowly, which is both great for observations and great for preservation [3:55] of whatever was doing the observation. They estimate that an object a few tens of meters [4:01] across could take hundreds of millions of years to disappear through impacts. Concretely, they [4:08] say we might find instrumentation deliberately installed to monitor Earth or a dominant probe [4:14] awaiting contact. This search still hasn't been done. You also don't have a database dedicated [4:20] to moon anomalies. Anomalous moon observations are usually lumped together with general UAP [4:27] sightings. I think it would be a good idea to keep these separate because if you're looking [4:31] to explain them, these explanations would have to be very different. I mean, look, the European [4:36] Union has a database for potato types. I feel like moon UFOs could get at least a spreadsheet. [4:44] In other news, a physicist just wrote a paper claiming that some of the observed unidentified [4:49] anomalous phenomena are dark matter. Chances are, if we ever find actual aliens, physicists [4:55] will explain they're a previously unknown type of dark matter. I used to receive a lot of spam calls [5:02] after my cell phone number leaked, probably from some online shops that I used to use. [5:08] This is why I've signed up to Incogni who've been sponsoring this video and who've prevented this [5:13] from happening again. You see, the issue is that each time you open a website, it'll try [5:18] to collect data about who you are and where you are and what other websites you've visited. Many [5:24] firms then make money by selling your private information to data brokers. Most countries have [5:29] laws against that and you can ask for your data to be removed, but doing this takes up a lot of [5:34] time. Incogni automates the process of getting you out of those databases. 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