AmLactin Rebuilds Dermis to Beat Glycolic Body Lotions, Dr. Dray Says

Dr Dray

Twelve percent buffered ammonium lactate uniquely stimulates deep dermal thickening to reverse fine wrinkles, providing a structural anti-aging benefit that over-the-counter glycolic acid cannot match.

AI-assisted summary of Can Keloid Scars Be Removed? Dermatologist Q&A — original source. Check the original for full context.

Source published: 2026-09-20

Key ideas

Unlike over-the-counter glycolic acid body lotions that only smooth the surface, 12% buffered ammonium lactate lotion is clinically proven to thicken both the epidermis and the dermis, enabling structural wrinkle improvement. (0:26)
Keloid scars cannot be eliminated with single-modality surgery due to severe recurrence rates, requiring multimodal therapy combining intralesional steroid injections, aggressive compression, and adjunctive radiation or laser treatments. (1:57)
Profhilo acts as a fluid, non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid skin booster for superficial hydration and mild firming, but cannot lift heavy jowls or correct volume loss from facial bone and fat pad resorption. (5:29)
At-home light and laser hair removal devices operate at lower energy levels than in-office systems and pose severe risks of thermal burns and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation on deeper skin complexions. (8:30)

Detailed notes

## Background Published on YouTube on September 20, 2026, by board-certified dermatologist Dr. Dray, this skincare Q&A addresses viewer inquiries regarding over-the-counter formulations, clinical procedures, and common skin lesions. According to the video description, topics covered include updates on newly permitted FDA sunscreen filters, AmLactin versus glycolic acid body lotions, multimodal keloid management, Profhilo for skin laxity, urea moisturizers paired with tretinoin, at-home lasers, and eyelid growths colloquially termed 'keratomas.'

## TL;DR Dr. Dray evaluates various clinical and over-the-counter skincare questions, explaining why 12% buffered ammonium lactate outperforms OTC glycolic acid for dermal remodeling and anti-aging benefits. She outlines that keloid scars cannot be cured with a single treatment and instead require a multimodal regimen of intralesional steroids, compression, and specialized care. In addition to reviewing urea moisturizers for use alongside tretinoin and defining Profhilo as a non-cross-linked intradermal hydrator rather than a structural lifting filler, she cautions against at-home hair removal lasers for deeper skin tones and breaks down the differential diagnoses behind eyelid bumps such as seborrheic keratoses, keratoacanthomas, and angiokeratomas.

## Atmosphere & style The video maintains Dr. Dray's characteristic clinical, direct, and no-nonsense cadence, cutting through cosmetic marketing claims with evidence-based dermatologic explanations. Her tone is brisk, analytical, and accessible, punctuated by relatable metaphors—such as comparing single-agent keloid treatments to making 'soup out of plain water'—and candid personal anecdotes about her own laser hair removal experience. It feels like an informative, reassuring clinical consultation designed to manage viewer expectations and emphasize consistency and patient safety.

## Bulletin - [00:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=26s) Unlike over-the-counter glycolic acid body lotions that only smooth the surface, 12% buffered ammonium lactate lotion is clinically proven to thicken both the epidermis and the dermis, enabling structural wrinkle improvement. - [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) Keloid scars cannot be eliminated with single-modality surgery due to severe recurrence rates, requiring multimodal therapy combining intralesional steroid injections, aggressive compression, and adjunctive radiation or laser treatments. - [05:29](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=329s) Profhilo acts as a fluid, non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid skin booster for superficial hydration and mild firming, but cannot lift heavy jowls or correct volume loss from facial bone and fat pad resorption. - [08:30](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=510s) At-home light and laser hair removal devices operate at lower energy levels than in-office systems and pose severe risks of thermal burns and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation on deeper skin complexions.

## Key takeaways - [00:04](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=4s) Newly permitted FDA sunscreen filters entering US formulations are established international ingredients rather than brand-new global molecules. - [00:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=26s) AmLactin Daily containing 12% buffered ammonium lactate stimulates dermal remodeling and thickening, whereas typical OTC glycolic acid lotions only affect epidermal hydration and surface texture. - [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) Keloids behave like benign tumors that invade adjacent healthy tissue beyond original injury margins, with high-tension areas like the presternal chest being particularly susceptible. - [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) Successful keloid management demands a multimodal approach, as isolated surgical excision carries an exceptionally high recurrence rate. - [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) Mechanical compression therapy reduces microvascular supply to keloids and can range from specialized medical pressure earrings to simple stationery binder clips applied under dermatologic supervision. - [05:29](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=329s) Profhilo consists of thermally stabilized high- and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid without chemical cross-linking, providing high tissue diffusion rather than structural volumizing. - [05:29](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=329s) Injectable hyaluronic acid skin boosters cannot correct deep structural sagging caused by age-related craniofacial bone resorption or descending sub-orbicularis fat pads. - [07:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=435s) Urea moisturizers across 5% to 20% concentrations can be safely combined with topical tretinoin to treat follicular conditions such as trichostasis spinulosa if skin tolerance permits. - [08:30](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=510s) Consumer hair removal devices targeting follicular melanin present significant burn and hyperpigmentation risks for darker skin tones, including Fitzpatrick type III and deeper. - [08:30](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=510s) Home fractional lasers operating at a 1440 nm wavelength target tissue water rather than pigment to stimulate collagen production in the deeper dermis. - [10:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=600s) Because at-home laser and light devices emit substantially lower energy than clinical machines, they require disciplined, consistent long-term use to produce and sustain visible benefits. - [10:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=600s) Laser hair removal produces significant, long-term hair density reduction rather than permanent, lifelong eradication of every follicle. - [11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) The colloquial term 'keratoma' on eyelids typically refers to seborrheic keratoses, keratoacanthomas, or angiokeratomas, none of which can be prevented topically. - [11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) Seborrheic keratoses on the eyelids are benign and effectively excised with surgical scissors, but topical prescription NSAIDs like diclofenac should not be applied to fragile periorbital skin. - [11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) Keratoacanthomas are rapidly growing, crateriform squamous cell carcinoma variants that necessitate formal surgical excision rather than observation.

## Detailed walkthrough ### [00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=0s) Sunscreen Updates: New FDA Filters

Dr. Dray kicks off part two of her weekend Q&A by addressing a viewer question regarding upcoming sunscreen videos and whether there are updates on the rollout of newly approved FDA sunscreen filters in the United States. She clarifies that while she already has extensive content dedicated to sun protection, the filter in question is technically not completely "new" on the global stage, but rather newly permitted for use in domestic formulations under US regulations. She assures viewers that she is following the rollout closely and definitely plans to review sunscreens formulated with the newly allowed ingredient as they hit the market.

---

[00:26](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=26s) AmLactin vs. Alpha Skin Care Body Lotion

A viewer torn between AmLactin and Alpha Skin Care Revitalizing Body Lotion asks for a head-to-head comparison, admitting Dr. Dray has tempted them to make the switch. Both products provide notable humectant and chemical exfoliation benefits to smooth rough, bumpy skin texture, but their mechanisms and structural impacts diverge substantially. Alpha Skin Care relies on topical glycolic acid, which excels at surface hydration and mild superficial exfoliation. AmLactin, on the other hand, utilizes buffered ammonium lactate—a buffered salt of lactic acid.

The critical distinction comes down to concentration and dermal remodeling. AmLactin Daily contains 12% buffered ammonium lactate. Clinical evidence demonstrates that while lower percentages of buffered ammonium lactate only increase epidermal thickness, the 12% concentration uniquely thickens both the epidermis and the dermis. Over-the-counter glycolic acid body lotions cannot match this effect on the deeper dermis. Consequently, 12% ammonium lactate carries far greater potential to reverse structural, age-related skin changes like fine wrinkling. Dr. Dray notes that while in-office cosmetic glycolic acid peels can stimulate deeper remodeling, in an at-home daily body lotion, 12% buffered ammonium lactate possesses a distinct advantage.

---

[01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) Can Raised Keloid Scars Be Fixed or Removed?

Addressing whether raised keloid scars can ever be truly eliminated, Dr. Dray explains that while they can be substantially improved, there is no single silver-bullet cure. Keloids must be approached through multimodal therapy customized to scar maturity, anatomic location, and the patient's individual propensity for keloid formation. Some individuals are aggressive keloid formers who develop extensive lesions from minor trauma like ear piercings or simple ingrown hairs. Furthermore, high-tension body sites—most notably the presternal area of the central chest—are especially prone to developing thick, recalcitrant keloids.

Unlike typical hypertrophic scars that stay within wound boundaries, a keloid behaves almost like a benign tumor, actively invading surrounding healthy tissue with claw-like extensions—fitting its etymology, derived from the Greek word for "crab claw." Because surgical excision alone carries an exceptionally high recurrence rate, dermatologists combine diverse modalities to squash the scar's vascular supply and inhibit fibroblastic activity: - **Intralesional Corticosteroids:** Injections of triamcinolone acetonide are standard to induce dermal atrophy, flatten the elevation, and soften dense scar tissue. - **Aggressive Compression Therapy:** Counteracts mechanical tension and dampens microvascular flow. Options range from specialized pressure earrings that clamp like miniature flower presses onto earlobes, to tight compression bandages. Dr. Dray even shares a practical low-budget tip: patients can ask their dermatologist about using standard stationery binder clips on earlobes as an affordable mechanical clamp. - **Adjunctive Therapies:** Silicone scar sheets, vascular and resurfacing lasers, superficial radiation therapy following surgical debulking, and alternative intralesional agents.

Dr. Dray illustrates the multimodal approach with a cooking metaphor: approaching a keloid with just one tool is like making soup using nothing but plain water:

> "It's like, what are all the ingredients I need to make the soup? You're not going to just use water, right? That's kind of how you would approach keloid therapy. Yeah, water is probably a helpful ingredient to have... Why should you use broth? You get what I'm saying. A water soup? You mean you're drinking a glass of water. Okay, we're talking about a totally different thing here."

Managing advanced cases requires significant subspecialty expertise; she highlights dedicated referral centers, including the specialized keloid clinic run within the University of Texas Southwestern (UT Southwestern) dermatology department, where experts manage hereditary conditions and severe cases day in and day out.

---

[05:29](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=329s) Profhilo for Mild Skin Sagging

When asked whether Profhilo can combat early skin laxity, Dr. Dray characterizes the product not as a traditional dermal filler, but essentially as an "intradermal skin care product." Profhilo is marketed as an injectable hyaluronic acid (HA) booster composed of a thermally stabilized blend of high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight HA without chemical cross-linking agents (such as BDDE). Because it is non-cross-linked, it exhibits low viscosity, high fluidity, and superior tissue diffusion compared to elastic, volumizing gels.

```mermaid flowchart LR accTitle: Profile Comparison of Traditional Fillers vs Profhilo accDescr: Diagram illustrating how Profhilo acts as a fluid skin booster whereas traditional HA fillers act as structural volume replacers.

subgraph Profhilo["Profhilo (HA Booster)"] A["Non-cross-linked HA (High & Low Molecular Weight)"] --> B["High fluidity & wide diffusion"] B --> C["Intradermal hydration & subtle firming"] end

subgraph Fillers["Traditional HA Fillers"] D["Chemically cross-linked HA (High elasticity)"] --> E["Targeted structural placement"] E --> F["Deep volume replacement & lifting"] end ```

Rather than replacing structural fat or correcting deep volume deficits, Profhilo infuses widespread intradermal hydration, subtle tissue firmness, and surface contour smoothing. It can produce noticeable refinement for mild to moderate skin laxity and very early drooping. However, Dr. Dray cautions against unrealistic expectations. Profhilo will fail if used to correct heavy jowling, severe under-eye bags, or deep hollows stemming from age-related craniofacial bone resorption and sub-orbicularis fat pad displacement.

---

[07:15](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=435s) Urea Moisturizers to Pair With Tretinoin

A viewer treating trichostasis spinulosa—a follicular disorder where bundles of vellus hairs become trapped inside hyperkeratotic follicles—asks for compatible urea moisturizer recommendations to pair alongside topical tretinoin. Dr. Dray confirms that urea and retinoids can be used synergistically as long as individual skin tolerance permits, and runs through several favorite formulations across various concentrations:

- **Eucerin:** A long-time clinical staple with numerous reliable options, including Eucerin Roughness Relief, Eucerin Intensive Repair, and Eucerin Advanced Repair, all of which are suitable for facial application when tolerated. - **Cetaphil:** Cetaphil Rough & Bumpy Daily Smoothing Moisturizer, formulated with 20% urea for more intensive keratolytic smoothing. - **CeraVe & La Roche-Posay:** CeraVe Hydro Urea Intensive, as well as La Roche-Posay Lipikar with 10% urea. - **Zeroid Richenic:** A standout Korean skincare facial lotion formulated with 5% urea. At this milder concentration, urea functions primarily as a potent humectant and gentle, slow-acting exfoliant, making it especially elegant for daily facial use alongside prescription retinoids.

---

[08:30](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=510s) At-Home Hair Removal Devices and Wavelengths

Turning to at-home hair removal, Dr. Dray explains that light-based home devices function by targeting melanin pigment within the hair follicle to downregulate the growth rate and decrease overall hair density over time. Users should expect a reduction in shaving frequency rather than immediate, permanent hair eradication.

Crucially, she issues a strong safety warning against using these at-home devices on darker complexions. Because consumer devices rely on pigment contrast, melanin-rich skin absorbs competitive energy, presenting a severe risk of epidermal thermal burns, blistering, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Dr. Dray advises anyone with deeper skin tones—even those categorized as Fitzpatrick skin type III—to exercise extreme caution or avoid them altogether: "I say avoid, avoid, avoid." For patients with rich skin pigmentation seeking safe hair reduction, she recommends professional in-office treatments utilizing specialized longer-wavelength systems, such as picosecond or tailored Nd:YAG lasers, which bypass epidermal melanin safely.

Finally, touching on consumer fractional devices like the Tria FRX, Dr. Dray notes that Tria develops home platforms utilizing a 1440 nm non-ablative laser wavelength. Because 1440 nm targets water rather than melanin, it can penetrate deeper into the dermis to stimulate collagen production and remodel fine lines over extended use.

[10:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=600s) The Reality of At-Home Lasers and Hair Removal Devices

Evaluating at-home laser devices like the Tria FRX fractional laser or similar tools requires managing expectations regarding power and commitment. While these gadgets can certainly deliver meaningful clinical improvements over time, their energy output is drastically lower than professional, in-office machinery. Consequently, seeing tangible results demands immense patience and disciplined, regular use; using them inconsistently or "here and there" renders them completely ineffective and not worth the financial investment. Dr. Dray compares this directly to her warnings about at-home red and near-infrared light masks or the iRestore low-level laser therapy (LLLT) helmet for hair loss: buyers should avoid spending money on them unless they are certain they will commit to the regimen, emphasizing that "they only work as long as you do."

Turning to home hair removal devices, such as the 810-nanometer diode laser options offered by Tria, Dr. Dray notes that these devices specifically target pigment in the hair follicle to suppress unwanted growth. However, she issues a clear safety warning against using these specific at-home 810 nm lasers on deeper skin tones, as the risk of adverse pigmentary side effects is too high. Furthermore, at-home hair removal will never achieve the efficacy of professional clinical treatments, though even in-office lasers do not permanently eliminate every single strand. Sharing her personal journey, Dr. Dray reflects on receiving in-office laser hair removal on her lower legs many years ago. While some finer hair has gradually returned with age and requires occasional shaving, she no longer experiences the daily dark stubble she once had to shave every single day, noting that the density remains markedly reduced long-term.

- **Energy and Efficacy:** At-home fractional and diode lasers operate at significantly lower power outputs than clinical lasers, requiring long-term consistency to produce visible results. - **Wavelength and Skin Tone Warnings:** 810 nm diode devices seek melanin; they should be avoided on deeper skin tones at home due to burn and hyperpigmentation risks. - **Hair Reduction Expectations:** Laser hair removal provides permanent hair reduction rather than absolute, lifelong eradication.

---

[11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) Demystifying Eyelid "Keratomas": Seborrheic Keratoses, Keratoacanthomas, and Angiokeratomas

In response to a viewer asking how to prevent upper eyelid "keratomas" from returning after medical removal, Dr. Dray clarifies that "keratoma" is not an official dermatologic diagnosis, though patients often use the word to describe one of three distinct conditions:

```mermaid flowchart TD accTitle: Differential Diagnosis for Eyelid Lesions accDescr: Three potential skin conditions described colloquially as eyelid keratomas.

subgraph Lesions["Potential Diagnoses"] SK["Seborrheic Keratosis ('Barnacles of Life')"] KA["Keratoacanthoma (Squamous Cell Carcinoma Variant)"] AK["Angiokeratoma (Vascular & Hyperkeratotic)"] end

subgraph Features["Clinical Characteristics & Management"] SK --> SK_Desc["Benign, warty papule; snip excision with sharp scissors; cannot be prevented topically"] KA --> KA_Desc["Rapidly erupting, cup-shaped nodule; locally aggressive malignancy; requires surgical excision"] AK --> AK_Desc["Red, scaly bump with dilated vessels & thick stratum corneum; benign; optional removal"] end ```

The most likely culprit is a **seborrheic keratosis** (SK), colloquialized by some clinicians as the "barnacles on the ship of life"—a label Dr. Dray admits she thoroughly detests. There is no viable home method to prevent SKs from forming. Although medical literature notes that topical diclofenac can sometimes shrink seborrheic keratoses, Dr. Dray strongly advises against applying prescription NSAID gels to the fragile, thin skin of the eyelids due to the high likelihood of severe local irritation. In a clinical setting, eyelid SKs with a pedunculated or warty architecture are often removed by carefully grasping the growth, pulling tension on the eyelid margin, and executing a swift snip at the base using ultrafine surgical scissors.

The viewer might alternatively be referring to a **keratoacanthoma** (KA), which is a rapidly growing variant of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). These tumors often seem to erupt "overnight," presenting as distinctive, crateriform, cup-shaped nodules. While KAs have an unusual biological capacity to spontaneously involute, they can also act as invasive malignancies and therefore require formal surgical excision rather than simple observation. Lastly, the lesion could be an **angiokeratoma**, which behaves like an amalgam of a cherry angioma and a seborrheic keratosis. These present as red, hyperkeratotic, mildly scaly bumps composed of dilated ectatic blood vessels overlaid by epidermal thickening. While angiokeratomas are benign and easily treated in-office, none of these lesions can be prevented from developing through topical skincare or lifestyle adjustments.

- **Seborrheic Keratoses (SKs):** Benign, warty epidermal growths; cannot be prevented genetically or topically; safely excised in-clinic via fine scissor snip. - **Keratoacanthomas (KAs):** Rapidly erupting, cup-shaped squamoid tumors classified under squamous cell carcinomas; necessitate complete surgical excision. - **Angiokeratomas:** Vascular lesions featuring ectatic dermal capillaries with overlying hyperkeratosis; removal is elective.

---

[13:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=827s) Outro and Final Reminders

Dr. Dray closes out the weekend Q&A session by reminding viewers that all answered questions are archived and categorized inside her dedicated skincare Q&A YouTube playlist, complete with timestamps for convenient reference. She thanks her audience for submitting questions, invites viewers to like and share the video, and signs off with her customary channel signature: "don't forget sunscreen and subscribe."

## Notable quotes > [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) It's like, what are all the ingredients I need to make the soup? You're not going to just use water, right? That's kind of how you would approach keloid therapy. — Dr. Dray

> [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) A water soup? You mean you're drinking a glass of water. Okay, we're talking about a totally different thing here. — Dr. Dray

> [01:57](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=117s) crab claw — Dr. Dray

> [05:29](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=329s) intradermal skin care product — Dr. Dray

> [08:30](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=510s) I say avoid, avoid, avoid. — Dr. Dray

> [10:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=600s) here and there — Dr. Dray

> [10:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=600s) they only work as long as you do. — Dr. Dray

> [11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) barnacles on the ship of life — Dr. Dray

> [11:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=707s) overnight — Dr. Dray

> [13:47](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc&t=827s) don't forget sunscreen and subscribe. — Dr. Dray

## Mentioned Dr. Dray, FDA, AmLactin, AmLactin Daily, Alpha Skin Care, Alpha Skin Care Revitalizing Body Lotion, University of Texas Southwestern (UT Southwestern), Profhilo, Eucerin, Eucerin Roughness Relief, Eucerin Intensive Repair, Eucerin Advanced Repair, Cetaphil, Cetaphil Rough & Bumpy Daily Smoothing Moisturizer, CeraVe, CeraVe Hydro Urea Intensive, La Roche-Posay, La Roche-Posay Lipikar, Zeroid Richenic, Tria, Tria FRX, iRestore, YouTube

## Video description Dermatologist Dr. Dray answers more skincare questions from viewers, covering sunscreen updates, body lotions, keloid scars, Profhilo, urea moisturizers, at-home hair removal devices, at-home lasers, and eyelid bumps.

In this skincare Q&A, Dr. Dray discusses whether new FDA-approved sunscreen filters are becoming available in the United States, compares AmLactin vs. Alpha Skin Care Body Lotion, and explains why buffered ammonium lactate and glycolic acid can produce different effects on the skin.

She also explains what can be done to improve raised keloid scars, whether Profhilo can help with early skin sagging, and which urea moisturizers can be used alongside tretinoin when treating conditions such as trichostasis spinulosa.

Additional questions cover at-home hair removal devices, the Tria FRX laser, and the different conditions that viewers may be referring to when they describe "keratomas" on the eyelids, including seborrheic keratoses, keratoacanthomas, and angiokeratomas.

In this video:

• New sunscreen filters and FDA approval updates in the US • AmLactin vs. Alpha Skin Care Body Lotion • Glycolic acid vs. buffered ammonium lactate • Can keloid scars be removed or improved? • Steroid injections, pressure therapy, radiation, and surgery for keloids • What is Profhilo and how does it work? • Can Profhilo improve mild skin sagging? • Urea moisturizers to use with tretinoin • Urea creams for trichostasis spinulosa • At-home hair removal devices and potential risks • At-home laser hair removal for darker skin tones • Is the Tria FRX laser worth it? • How at-home fractional lasers work • What does "keratoma" mean? • Seborrheic keratoses on the eyelids • Keratoacanthoma and skin cancer • Angiokeratomas and red bumps on the skin

Timestamps

0:00 Intro 0:04 Sunscreen Updates: What's Happening With New FDA-Approved Sunscreens? 0:26 AmLactin vs. Alpha Skin Care Body Lotion 1:57 Can Raised Keloid Scars Be Removed? 5:29 Profhilo for Skin Sagging: Does It Work? 7:15 Best Urea Moisturizers to Use With Tretinoin 8:30 Do At-Home Hair Removal Devices Work? 9:36 Is the Tria FRX Laser Worth It? 11:47 What Are "Keratomas" on the Eyelids? 13:47 Outro

Urea lotion recommendations: https://amzlink.to/az0w8rNrlZtx3

Dr. Dray's skincare Q&A videos cover common questions about acne, anti-aging, sunscreen, retinoids, body care, hair removal, scars, skincare ingredients, and dermatologic conditions. This video provides general educational information and is not a substitute for an individual evaluation by a dermatologist.

#Dermatologist #DrDray #Skincare #SkincareQandA #SkincareQuestions #AmLactin #Urea #Tretinoin #Profhilo #KeloidScar #Sunscreen #LaserHairRemoval #TriaFRX #AntiAgingSkincare #bodycare

FTC: This video is not sponsored. Links are commissionable, meaning I may earn commission from purchases made through links.

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Disclaimer: This video is not intended to provide diagnosis, treatment or medical advice. Content provided on this Youtube channel is for informational purposes only. Please consult with a physician or other healthcare professional regarding any medical or health related diagnosis or treatment options. Information on this Youtube channel should not be considered as a substitute for advice from a healthcare professional. The statements made about specific products throughout this video are not to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease.

[Source](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kctIK-os_nc)

中文简报

Dray警告：瘢痕疙瘩切除术若不配合联合疗法极易复发手术切除瘢痕疙瘩的复发率很高，除非配合病损内类固醇注射、机械压迫和放疗等多模式治疗。 Dr. Dray详细阐述了为何与普通果酸身体乳相比，12%缓冲乳酸铵（AmLactin）具有独特的重建真皮厚度的效果，并指出瘢痕疙瘩需要采用压迫、病损内类固醇注射和疤痕贴片等多模式管理，而非单纯的手术切除。她解释称，Profhilo的作用更偏向于皮内补水润肤的水光针，而非针对面部深层下垂的结构性提升，同时推荐了可与维A酸兼容的尿素配方。最后，她提醒深肤色人群警惕家用激光和强脉冲光脱毛设备带来的灼伤和色素沉着风险，揭秘了家用点阵激光的效果，并对俗称为角化瘤的眼睑病变进行了区分，将其归类为脂溢性角化病、角化棘皮瘤和血管角化瘤。 AmLactin Daily所含的12%缓冲乳酸铵经临床证实可同时增加表皮和真皮厚度，提供常见市售果酸润肤乳无法复制的结构性抗老与抗皱效果。 (0:26) 鉴于极高的复发率，瘢痕疙瘩无法通过单独的手术切除得到有效治疗，而是需要结合曲安奈德病损内注射、硅胶贴片、压迫疗法，以及可能的血管激光或放疗等多模式综合治疗。 (1:57) Profhilo属于一种注射型透明质酸补水饱满剂，适用于早期、轻度的皮肤松弛，而非结构性填充剂，这意味着它无法提升严重的下颌缘垂坠，也无法解决深层脂肪垫与骨骼缺失问题。 (5:29) 家用光子和810 nm半导体激光脱毛设备对于Fitzpatrick III型及更深肤色人群存在显著的表皮灼伤和炎症后色素沉着风险，这类肤色在院内接受皮秒激光治疗会更为安全。 (8:30)

Reading summary

Dermatologist Dr. Dray assesses clinical treatments and consumer skincare, arguing that addressing structural tissue changes—including keloid scarring, age-related dermal thinning, and skin laxity—requires realistic expectations, proper active concentrations, and multimodal medical therapies rather than standalone at-home fixes. Multimodal Protocols for Recalcitrant Keloid Scars (1:57) Dr. Dray explains that raised keloid scars cannot be resolved with a single monotherapy. Originating from the Greek word for "crab claw," keloids behave like benign tumors by invading adjacent healthy skin, resulting in an exceptionally high recurrence rate following surgical excision alone. The risk is heightened in genetically predisposed individuals and at high-tension sites, such as the presternal area of the central chest. Effective management requires individualized multimodal treatment to suppress fibroblastic activity and restrict microvascular supply. Standard clinical protocols combine intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injections to induce dermal atrophy with aggressive compression therapy. Compression options include specialized pressure earrings, tight bandages, and even stationery binder clips as an accessible earlobe clamp. Adjunct therapies include silicone sheets, vascular and resurfacing lasers, and post-surgical superficial radiation therapy. Dr. Dray compares relying on a single tool to making soup with plain water, noting that advanced cases warrant specialized referral centers, such as the dedicated keloid clinic at UT Southwestern. Concentration Thresholds in Body Exfoliants and Keratolytics (0:26) When comparing daily body lotions, active ingredient concentration dictates whether biological changes are superficial or structural. While over-the-counter glycolic acid lotions provide surface hydration and mild exfoliation, 12% buffered ammonium lactate (in AmLactin Daily) uniquely increases both epidermal and dermal thickness. This clinical dermal remodeling gives 12% ammonium lactate an advantage over cosmetic AHA lotions for improving structural wrinkling. Concentration nuances similarly govern urea moisturizers used alongside tretinoin for conditions like trichostasis spinulosa. Dr. Dray confirms that urea and retinoids can be paired synergistically if skin tolerance permits. Milder 5% formulations, such as Zeroid Richenic, act primarily as gentle humectants and light exfoliants for daily facial use. Conversely, higher concentrations—such as 10% in La Roche-Posay Lipikar, 20% in Cetaphil Rough & Bumpy, and various Eucerin or CeraVe formulations—deliver the intensive keratolytic action needed to dissolve stubborn follicular plugs. Injectable Skin Boosters Versus At-Home Energy Devices (5:29) Dr. Dray clarifies that Profhilo functions as an intradermal hydrator rather than a traditional volumizing filler. Formulated with thermally stabilized, non-cross-linked high- and low-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid, it possesses high fluidity and diffuses widely across tissue. While it provides subtle firming, surface smoothing, and hydration for mild laxity, it lacks the elasticity to correct structural volume loss, severe jowling, or deficits caused by craniofacial bone resorption and fat pad displacement. Consumer energy devices also operate under distinct physical limits. Non-ablative 1440 nm fractional lasers target water to rebuild collagen, whereas 810 nm diode devices target follicular melanin for hair reduction. Because home devices emit significantly lower power than professional clinical systems, they require disciplined, long-term use and deliver hair reduction rather than permanent eradication. Crucially, Dr. Dray issues a strict safety warning advising individuals with deeper skin tones—even Fitzpatrick skin type III—to avoid at-home 810 nm diode devices due to high risks of thermal burns and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Diagnostic Distinctions for Eyelid Lesions (11:47) Patients seeking to prevent recurrent upper eyelid "keratomas" are typically describing one of three distinct conditions, none of which can be prevented topically. Most commonly, these lesions are seborrheic keratoses: benign warty growths managed in-clinic via scissor snip excision. Although medical literature notes topical diclofenac can shrink seborrheic keratoses, Dr. Dray strongly advises against applying prescription NSAID gels to the thin, sensitive skin of the eyelids due to the likelihood of severe irritation. Alternatively, a rapidly erupting, crateriform lesion may be a keratoacanthoma—a variant of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma that mandates surgical excision. Less frequently, growths represent angiokeratomas, which present as benign red, scaly papules containing dilated ectatic blood vessels overlaid by epidermal hyperkeratosis. Dr. Dray underscores that because these lesions stem from genetic, cellular, or vascular drivers, no topical skincare or lifestyle changes can prevent their recurrence. Across cosmetic and medical concerns, Dr. Dray emphasizes that topical products and consumer gadgets have clear biological limits: reversing deeper tissue damage, preventing genetic growths, or remodeling scars requires matching the condition's pathology with appropriate in-office medical interventions.

Source quotes

[1:57] Dr. Dray: It's like, what are all the ingredients I need to make the soup? You're not going to just use water, right? That's kind of how you would approach keloid therapy. [1:57] Dr. Dray: A water soup? You mean you're drinking a glass of water. Okay, we're talking about a totally different thing here. [1:57] Dr. Dray: crab claw [5:29] Dr. Dray: intradermal skin care product [8:30] Dr. Dray: I say avoid, avoid, avoid. [10:00] Dr. Dray: here and there [10:00] Dr. Dray: they only work as long as you do. [11:47] Dr. Dray: barnacles on the ship of life [11:47] Dr. Dray: overnight [13:47] Dr. Dray: don't forget sunscreen and subscribe.

Original transcript

[0:00] Hey guys, welcome back to part two of [0:01] the weekend Q&A. Let's get into it. Will [0:04] you do a video on sunscreen? I have lots [0:08] of videos on sunscreen. Updates if any [0:10] of the rollout of the new FDA approved [0:13] sunscreen in US. So I have a video [0:15] talking about the new It's not a new [0:18] filter, but it's newly allowed It's now [0:20] allowed in sunscreens in the US. Will I [0:22] be reviewing sunscreens with that [0:24] ingredient? Absolutely, I plan to. Can [0:26] you provide a comparison of your [0:29] favorite Amlactin lotion and Alpha [0:31] Revitalizing Body Lotion? I've been [0:33] using the Alpha, but you've tempted me [0:35] to change. So the Alpha Care brand is a [0:36] glycolic acid lotion that I often [0:38] recommend in content around the benefits [0:40] of topical glycolic acid. It can [0:42] moisturize the skin as it acts as as a [0:45] humectant and it also can mildly [0:46] exfoliate the skin to improve rough skin [0:49] texture, rough and bumpy skin. So can [0:51] ammonium lactate, this buffered salt of [0:54] lactic acid, which is in all of the [0:56] Amlactin lotions. But the Amlactin daily [0:58] is 12% buffered ammonium lactate. 12% [1:01] ammonium lactate strength has been shown [1:03] to improve epidermal thickness and [1:05] dermal thickness. Whereas lower [1:08] percentages of buffered ammonium lactate [1:11] improve just epidermal thickness. So [1:13] when you start using the 12%, you get an [1:15] additional benefit. How does that [1:17] compare to a glycolic acid lotion? A [1:19] glycolic acid lotion is not going to [1:22] have any effect on dermal thickness. But [1:24] the 12% ammonium lactate strength, [1:26] that's unique, okay? That's unique [1:28] because you're getting epidermal [1:30] thickness and you're getting dermal [1:32] thickness. So it actually has greater [1:34] potential to reverse age-related skin [1:37] changes as far as wrinkles than a lower [1:40] percentage of ammonium lactate or [1:42] glycolic acid in a skin care product. [1:45] Glycolic acid in office, in a cosmetic [1:48] peel, however, that's a different story. [1:50] That's a different story. And so check [1:52] out my video on glycolic acid versus [1:55] lactic acid buffered ammonium lactate. [1:57] Can raised keloid scars be fixed or [2:00] removed? They can be substantially [2:02] improved upon by a combination of [2:05] treatments. There's not a single best [2:07] keloid treatment. It depends on how long [2:09] it's been there, the location, and the [2:12] individual's overall risk of making more [2:15] keloids. There are a lot of patients who [2:18] are aggressive keloid formers. Like they [2:20] make keloid at the their ear appears. I [2:22] mean, they get keloids with an ingrown [2:24] hair. It's pretty intense. And so you [2:26] have to be a lot more strategic in those [2:29] cases. Certain locations are going to be [2:31] more vulnerable on the body to more [2:34] prominent and robust keloiding. Like, [2:36] for example, the central chest. It's [2:38] under a lot of tension. But generally [2:40] speaking, and I mean there are a lot of [2:42] strategies for tackling keloids. I won't [2:44] belabor all the different treatments, [2:46] but in general, a combination of [2:49] intralesional medication, like usually [2:52] triamcinolone, which is a steroid, to [2:55] induce atrophy, to soften, to flatten, [2:57] aggressive compression to reduce those [3:00] kind of frictional forces, and really [3:02] kind of squash some of the even vascular [3:05] flow towards the keloid. Cuz a keloid, [3:08] in contrast to a raised hypertrophic [3:10] scar, it's almost behaving more like a [3:14] non-ca- a non-malignant tumor. It has a [3:17] almost more of a tumor behavior. It [3:20] grows outside of the margins of the [3:22] initial skin injury. It puts out those [3:24] claws. I mean, keloid literally means [3:26] claw, a crab claw. A combination of [3:29] intralesional, usually, compression, [3:32] surgical excision, [3:35] again, cuz if you cut it out, someone [3:37] makes keloids, it will cut the [3:38] recurrence rate is very high. You have [3:40] to be real careful there. You know, [3:42] certain lasers can also be useful either [3:44] for resurfacing purposes or for [3:46] targeting the vasculature or some [3:48] combination thereof. And there are also [3:50] different intralesional things that [3:52] could be tried, and then radiation [3:54] therapy is also pretty effective. And [3:57] when I say compressions therapy, I'm [3:59] talking about tight bandage on the ears. [4:02] They sell these earrings that look like [4:04] little flower presses that you clamp on [4:06] there. As a side note, if you are going [4:09] through keloids, ask your doctor about [4:11] using a binder clip. That's kind of like [4:13] a low-budget way to compress them. Those [4:15] binder clips you can get for real cheap. [4:18] That works. But also this silicone scar [4:21] sheets. They're not going to get rid of [4:22] a keloid, but they're part of the [4:23] strategy of treatment. Really putting [4:26] those on and [clears throat] leaving [4:27] them on for as long as possible. You can [4:29] get some Not going to erase a keloid, [4:31] but that's That's in there, you know, [4:33] that's in there. It's like, what are all [4:35] the ingredients I need to make the soup? [4:37] Um you're you're not going to just use [4:39] water, right? That's kind of how you [4:41] would approach keloid therapy. Yeah, [4:43] water is probably a helpful ingredient [4:46] to have. It makes a difference in the [4:48] texture, perhaps, of your soup. Why [4:50] should you use broth? You get what I'm [4:51] saying. [4:52] No A water soup? You mean you're [4:54] drinking a glass of water. Okay, we're [4:56] talking about a totally different thing [4:57] here. You know what I mean? And when it [4:58] comes to treating a keloid, there's no [5:00] single best treatment at all. It's [5:02] multimodal. And there are clinics that's [5:05] That's all That's the main thing they do [5:07] all day. There's actually a keloid [5:08] expert at the University of Texas UT [5:11] Southwestern dermatology department who [5:14] sees a lot of very involved keloids. [5:17] There are hereditary diseases where [5:19] patients make a lot of keloids. So, um [5:21] yeah, it's definitely an area where [5:23] people get real real specialized there [5:26] as far as advanced cases and in treating [5:29] advanced cases. What are your thoughts [5:30] on Profhilo, and can it help with the [5:32] first signs of sagging? So, Profhilo is [5:35] marketed as like an HA booster. It's an [5:38] injectable hyaluronic acid, but in [5:40] contrast to a hyaluronic acid filler, [5:42] this actually is a combination of high [5:45] molecular weight and low molecular [5:46] weight hyaluronic acid and it's not [5:48] chemically cross-linked. As a result, [5:50] you have this product where A you have a [5:52] very high concentration of hyaluronic [5:54] acid and it diffuses really well into [5:56] the skin. It's more fluid than it is [5:58] elastic. It has optimal tissue [6:01] diffusion, optimal viscosity. It's a lot [6:04] more fluid than elastic. And really how [6:06] it's used in contrast to like a [6:09] traditional hyaluronic acid filler, [6:11] which is injected for volume [6:12] replacement, this instead is used more [6:15] for kind of [6:16] skin hydration. And yeah, it can subtly [6:20] firm the skin. It can actually improve [6:23] very very early subtle sagging, you [6:26] know, moderate sagging. But once the [6:29] sagging gets to be heavy, you have very [6:32] pronounced jowling. Or if you have [6:34] sagging or hollows related to a [6:38] combination of or in isolation, you [6:40] know, bone resorption plus minus fat pad [6:44] repositioning as happens with age like [6:46] around the eyes for example and you get [6:48] you know, a lot of under eye laxity, [6:50] prominent under eye hollows, eye bags, [6:52] that's not going to not going to cut it [6:54] there. It's kind of like something that [6:57] helps with contour, shapes, smoothing [7:00] out. It's kind of like a intradermal [7:02] skin care product almost is how I think [7:05] of I think of it. Not necessarily a [7:07] targeted volume replacer. Though it does [7:10] improve surface volume, you know what I [7:12] mean? It plumps. It's an interesting uh [7:15] injectable for sure. [7:16] >> Could you give me some urea moisturizer [7:18] options that could be used with [7:20] tretinoin when you want to treat [7:21] trichostasis spinulosa? Okay, so urea um [7:26] can be used alongside tretinoin provided [7:28] you tolerate the combination. Just off [7:30] the top of my head, Eucerin is kind of [7:33] the first thing that always comes to my [7:34] mind when I'm thinking about urea [7:36] lotions that are you know, good um [7:39] because they are. I've used many of [7:40] them. They're great and I've I've [7:42] recommended them over the years. Eucerin [7:44] Roughness Relief. They also have the [7:46] Eucerin Intensive, Eucerin Advanced [7:48] Repair. Any of those. Yeah, you can use [7:50] these on the face, okay? You can use [7:51] them on the face. Cetaphil has a 20% [7:54] urea. They're rough and bumpy. That's [7:56] great. Um CeraVe has their Hydro Urea [7:59] Intensive, I believe it's called. I [8:01] reviewed that a couple of years ago and [8:02] I also reviewed and liked the La [8:04] Roche-Posay Lipikar. I believe it's 10% [8:07] urea. And then as far as a 5% urea, so [8:11] humectant, gentle, gentle, slow-moving [8:14] exfoliant concentration that is [8:16] primarily a facial product that I [8:18] really, really liked was that Zeroid [8:20] Richenic, r i c h e n i c, facial [8:23] lotion. It's a Korean brand. That one [8:26] was really, really one that I personally [8:28] liked. But yeah, any of those, you know, [8:30] I'd recommend. Can you do a video about [8:32] home hair removal devices? Um I do have [8:34] a video on that. In general, um they can [8:37] be effective, these light-based hair [8:38] removal devices. The way they work is by [8:40] targeting the pigments and they mostly [8:42] are going to be working to reduce the [8:44] rate of hair growth. So you might still [8:46] have to shave a bit, but it's going to [8:48] reduce the overall um rate of hair [8:50] growth and overall density of hair. And [8:52] um for some people, you know, can work [8:54] quite well. But I really, really caution [8:57] and strongly advise not to use these [8:59] devices if you have a deeper skin tone. [9:01] Um Fitzpatrick should even three, I'd be [9:04] conservative because they target the [9:06] pigment. And so because of that, you [9:08] know, if you have a very richly [9:09] melanated skin, they can burn you um and [9:12] cause unwanted pigmentation. So I say [9:14] avoid, avoid, avoid. Now, in-office [9:16] laser hair removal we have newer, I say, [9:19] in the grand landscape of of age of [9:21] lasers these days, but they're not [9:22] really new. We have newer lasers, [9:24] picosecond lasers, that are options for [9:28] more richly melanated skin types that [9:30] can effectively lead to hair uh [9:33] reduction without the risk of unwanted [9:36] pigmentation. Speaking of, is the Tria [9:38] FRX laser worth it? I've seen some [9:41] content creators, including [9:43] dermatologists, promoting it. So, Tria [9:45] has a few at-home devices. From what I [9:48] can tell, they have a 1440 nanometer [9:51] wavelength at-home device. Um and that [9:53] could penetrate um deeper targeting [9:56] water and may help in stimulating [9:58] collagen over time. Now, keep in mind [10:00] with an at-home device like this, they [10:02] certainly can lead to some meaningful [10:04] results, but the power is going to be [10:06] much lower than say something you would [10:07] get in an in-office treatment. So, it's [10:09] going to require patience, consistent [10:12] use, and it's going to take time for you [10:14] to start seeing much of a change. So, in [10:16] other words, if you're not someone who [10:17] can stay consistent using it, um you [10:20] know, you use it here and there, it's [10:21] not going to do anything. And then it's [10:23] not worth it. I You know, the kind of [10:25] the same thing that I say um when I [10:27] recommend the [10:29] um red and near-infrared light devices [10:31] or the acne masks or the iRestore um [10:35] low-level laser therapy device for hair [10:38] regrowth. Don't buy these things if you [10:40] don't If you know yourself that you're [10:42] not going to commit to to using them cuz [10:44] they they're They only work as long as [10:46] you do. Now, they also have um a hair [10:48] removal device as well that you It's an [10:50] 810 nanometer wavelength device. That's [10:53] going to likewise need to target the [10:55] pigment to reduce hair growth, unwanted [10:58] hair growth. Oh, now we're getting a big [10:59] cloud and there goes the lighting. [11:01] Reduce unwanted hair growth. I would not [11:03] use if you have a deeper skin tone. [11:05] Okay, I wouldn't use it. Um but [11:06] otherwise, you know, you you might It [11:08] might be effective, but um is it going [11:09] to be as effective as laser hair removal [11:12] um in-office? No. Um laser hair removal [11:14] in-office doesn't completely erase the [11:16] hair either. You can get long-lasting [11:18] reduction in hair. I had laser hair [11:20] removal many years ago at this point and [11:23] uh some of it's starting to come back. [11:24] On my lower legs, it's not as reduced as [11:28] it was like in the first couple of years [11:30] after me having it, but it is nowhere [11:32] near I'm nowhere near as I don't have to [11:35] I used to have to shave my legs like [11:36] every single day, otherwise I'd have [11:38] dark stubble and I don't have that at [11:40] all anymore. I mean, you can I do have [11:43] to shave my legs. It does grow back, but [11:45] it's markedly markedly reduced since [11:48] that. I have keratomas on my upper [11:50] eyelids. I realize they can only be [11:52] removed by a doctor, but how can I [11:53] prevent them from not appearing in the [11:55] future? So, I'm not sure what you mean [11:56] by keratoma. That's not actually a [11:59] diagnosis per se. I Maybe you mean [12:01] seborrheic keratosis. Those are those [12:03] little barnacles on the ship of life as [12:05] they like to call them. I hate that [12:06] term. There's really not anything that [12:08] you can do to prevent those from coming [12:10] along. You know, there is a paper that [12:12] suggests that using topical diclofenac [12:15] can shrink them, but I would not [12:17] recommend doing that on the eyelid. I'd [12:19] be a lot more worried about just [12:21] potential risk around the eyes of [12:22] irritation with delicate eyelid skin. In [12:25] office, they can be removed by You know, [12:28] on the eyelid it's a a trickier area but [12:30] these can still be removed. Usually, [12:32] the way that I found them to be easier [12:34] to remove on the eyelid is depending on [12:37] what they look like. Sometimes they're [12:38] real warty and you can kind of pick them [12:40] up and as you pick them up, it kind of [12:42] pulls the eyelid a little bit and you [12:44] can ever so carefully just take these [12:46] very very very sharp surgical scissors [12:49] and just snip. Boom, that's that. So, [12:51] they can be pretty easy to remove. They [12:53] can come back though, but there's really [12:54] not anything that you can do to prevent [12:56] them from coming. There's also something [12:58] though called a keratoacanthoma, which [13:00] is actually a variant of squamous cell [13:03] carcinoma. They tend to be like all of a [13:05] sudden they erupt overnight and you're [13:07] like, "Wow, I have this big thing on my [13:08] face." They have this like [13:09] characteristic cup shape almost to them. [13:11] It's interesting because they can [13:13] spontaneously involute, but they also [13:15] can be you know, [13:16] you know, go on to be more concerning [13:18] skin cancers. Those have to be excised. [13:21] There's also a [13:22] lesion known as an angiokeratoma. That's [13:24] kind of like a combination of a cherry [13:26] angioma and seborrheic keratosis almost [13:29] because it looks like a little red bump [13:31] it's kind of sometimes looks a little [13:33] scaly and it's got a combination of [13:36] dilated blood vessels and thickening of [13:38] the outer layers of the skin [13:39] hyperkeratosis. And that can be removed [13:42] similarly it doesn't have to be removed [13:44] but none of these things you can really [13:46] do much to prevent from coming back. All [13:48] right y'all that wraps up this weekend's [13:49] Q&A. I hope you all enjoyed it. These [13:51] are all saved in the skin care Q&A [13:53] playlist so if you want to go back and [13:55] watch other videos and they are all time [13:57] stamped too so you can find what [13:59] questions I answered but I hope you [14:00] enjoyed today's video and thank you so [14:01] much for all of your great questions. If [14:03] you liked it give it a thumbs up share [14:05] it with your friends and as always don't [14:06] forget sunscreen and subscribe. I'll [14:08] talk to you guys tomorrow. Bye. [14:20] >> [music]